The implications of a life-span developmental prospective for Piagetian theory and research are discussed in this paper. Initially, certain recent criticisms of the Piagetian system are evaluated. These include the interpretations of Piaget's abstract model of logical reasoning; his views concerning the interrelationship of hereditary,…

The effects of individual personality differences and awareness of experimental demands on the acquisition of a verbal behavior were investigated. Awareness was determined by a recognition task. The personality variable was a measure of the agreeing response set to Likert-scaled personality items. Subjects were grouped as extreme or moderate…

The position behind this study is that the college faculty member can improve his teaching, even if he is already a master teacher, by scientifically identifying some of the key variables that have a major impact on student learning in his classes. Two studies have attempted to answer the following question: Is there any evidence that a college…

This report describes a naturalistic observational study concerned with the functions of aggression in children and how they change with age. Background on aggression is provided through a discussion of the problems of definition and ontogenesis, which have led to a general shortage of relevant developmental data. This study involved 102 children,…

The major purpose of this project was to measure the effect of physical-spatial environment and personality on the conditionability of positive affective self-reference statements within a quasi-counseling interview. Two related studies were conducted: Study One--University of Bridgeport; Study Two--University of Massachusetts. Eighteen male…

This paper presents the third phase of a student-faculty investigation seeking the profile of the elementary school teacher. Phase I discovered an indication of different personality traits in elementary and secondary teachers. Phase II redesigned the original questionnaire and supported the findings with additional research. This third phase…

Reported relationships between individual characteristics and group performance have been weak, but Davis (1969) and Johnson (1970) found that a subject's stated preference for working alone or in a group was associated with differences in group performance. In the present study, preference for group or solo participation was examined in relation…

The paper relates the development of childhood behavior problems to a developmental theory of the acquisition of psycho-social skills in children. The influence of Eric Erikson (1950) on the ideas expressed is acknowledged. It is stated that each of the major types of behavior problems (withdrawal, impulsivity, dependence) results from a major…

An analysis of a dictionary definition of "aptitude" could clear up several prevalent misunderstandings of the concept. Nothing inherent in the concept assumes that aptitudes are hereditary; aptitude is the result of the interaction of heredity and environment. "Apritude" has a broad definition; it includes intelligence, achievement, personality,…

This project investigated the relationship of classroom behavior to students' personality traits, students' perceptions of teachers' traits, teachers' self-described traits, and the discrepancies between students' preferences for teacher traits and their observation of them. Teachers were graduate assistants conducting discussion sections in…

This study compared interest, personality, and ability scores of vocationally undecided students who, after counseling, either selected a major or remained undecided. No significant differences were found between undecided and decided females. Vocationally undecided and decided males differed significantly on six Strong Vocational Interest Blank…

Research has indicated that there is no teaching method superior to others in promoting reading skills, improving attitudes, or creating interests, and that different types of children evidence varying responses to different methods. Studies such as those of Jung and Myer regarding personality and learning styles provide clues that are useful in…

THE NATURE OF THE INTERACTING RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS OF COLLEGE STUDENTS AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE INSTITUTIONS THEY ATTEND WAS EXPLORED. STUDENT PERSONALITY WAS MEASURED FOR SAMPLES FROM 55 COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES BY THE ACTIVITIES INDEX, AN INSTRUMENT DESIGNED TO MEASURE PERSONALITY NEEDS. PRESS,…

Stereotyped views of active masculinity and passive femininity have recently come under increasingly critical scrutiny. From the abstract to the practical, the authors see a growth of efforts toward equality of social opportunity regardless of biological differences. The central thesis of the paper is that women are repeatedly subject to…

This volume is a compilation of annotated references to social science measures and is designed to facilitate the search for and retrieval of appropriate measurement information in several fields of interest. The volume should be particularly useful to researchers as well as teachers and students in psychology, sociology, social work, psychiatry,…