The accounts of 37 17-year-old religious Zionist female adolescents in a boarding school in Israel show that they experience adolescence as a intense period of religious fortification and conflict between religious and secular societal values. Implications for female coming of age are discussed. (SLD)

Examines how Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (AD/HD) characteristics might have functioned within the lives of our prehistoric ancestors. These traits--distractibility, impulsivity, and restlessness--would have worked well for hunters, but not for farmers. Also explains the role of creativity in those diagnosed with AD/HD. (MKA)

Attempts to identify factors that predict persistent, decreased, or increased delinquency between early childhood and adolescence. Delinquent trajectories, resilience, the nature of the population, family background, and individual characteristics are discussed. Findings are organized by a model distinguishing between resilience and desistance.…

Proposes that multiple cognitive and motivational processes moderate the impact of the objective environment on well-being. Explores hedonically relevant psychological processes (social comparison, dissonance reduction, self-reflection, self-evaluation, and personal perception) in chronically happy and unhappy people, noting that they differ…

Provides a framework for guiding clients through transitions by explaining the nature of transition, outlining styles of dealing with transition, and offering a methodology to determine whether coaching, counseling, or consulting is best for a particular situation. (JOW)

"Resilience" is the capacity for moving ahead under adverse circumstances. School superintendents are advised to stay upbeat and mindful of "both-and" opportunities; stay focused on what they care about; remain flexible and tolerant of ambiguity; be proactive, not reactive; and apply resilience-conserving strategies during…

This article reviews the literature on creativity among African Americans including creative traits that may exhibit themselves in unusual and unacceptable classroom behavior, unique problem solving skills fostering survival in difficult circumstances, and E. Paul Torrance's list of creative positives. Suggestions to help parents and teachers…

Seeks to validate the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) College Maladjustment scale (Mt) by comparing it with the Student Adaptation to College Questionnaire (SACQ). Significant negative correlations existed between the Mt scale and SACQ scores, indicating that the Mt scale measures maladjustment, especially emotional…

Emotional Intelligence profiles completed by post-graduate students provided some indication that high responses at the "optimal" and "proficient" levels of most of the scales seem to differentiate between successful and unsuccessful students. (EV)

Tests Frank's model of oppressive situations and asymmetric role-taking in a survey of 66 battered women and 80 nonbattered women. Battered women's social situations were characterized by powerlessness, social isolation, and economic dependency. Develops the value of this theoretical approach with its emphasis on enhancing women's power base and…

Sixteen 17-year-old kibbutz members, including 7 hashish smokers and 9 nonsmokers, assessed the probability that a young person of similar background would use drugs. It was found that hashish smokers assigned meaningful importance to a combined influence of personal predisposition and group pressure, while the nonsmokers considered only group…

Thirty-eight mothers completed questionnaires that assessed their attachment to their infant, stress level, and infant's temperament. Mothers were also observed interacting with their infant at six weeks and again at nine months. Found that stressed mothers felt less attached to their infant at six months than nonstressed mothers, and mothers of…

Association between maternal ratings of child temperament and 8 maternal personality and demographic factors was examined in 3 age-stratified samples with children ranging from 3 to 10 years old. Found that mothers' anxiety was related to negative temperament ratings in all three samples, as were lower levels of maternal adaptation in analyses of…

Reviews concepts of meaning making in classical and contemporary writing. Examines models of cognitive and ego development linked with meaning making and draws a model of the relationship of meaning making to adult learning and development. (SK)

Describes a nine-year longitudinal study of childhood temperament dimensions and mothers' child rearing attitudes. Discusses the measures studied and the models used for analysis. Suggests that the development of temperament is influenced by the mother's hostile parenting attitudes as well as childhood temperament and that there are sex-related…