Relationship between achievement and humanistic values and the criteria of role satisfaction, performance and commitment is explored. It is suggested that personal values are too complex to be measured effectively by fixed alternatives questionnaires. Issues to be considered in a follow-up study are presented. (RW)

Two experiments attempted to directly assess the impact of self-other perspective on success and failure attributions for a variety of achievement-related situations. (Author/RK)

Examines the effects of physical attractiveness on live verbal interactions between males and females. It was assumed that if opposite-sexed individuals primarily base their liking of the other on physical attractiveness, then subjects should be more positive and affiliative with attractive than unattractive others. (Author/RK)

Regardless of income, families can provide a rich learning environment. A Massachusetts elementary principal has discovered several home conditions that promote students' academic success. Having high expectations and preparing children to work hard top the list. Other factors are close family relationships, reading at home, parent/school…

Examines whether interviewer ratings are influenced by the kind of questions (realistic favorable versus realistic, moderately unfavorable versus unrealistic, highly unfavorable) asked in the realistic job preview (RJP) segment of the interview. Results indicate no significant differences in either job-related ratings or in personal-trait ratings.…

Reviews the efforts of prevention-oriented scientists in studying successful outcomes of children with early patterns of maladaptive behaviors. Uses a personal narrative to illustrate the importance of trying to understand the resilient life patterns that lead children to succeed in life, rather than focusing on reasons why they fail. (RJM)

Presents a survival expert's model of survival. Characterizes survival in terms of being prepared for a crisis, escaping the immediate threat, avoiding disorientation and fear, and the survival routine, which includes hope, flexibility, and humor. Notes the impact of posttrauma situations and the need for continued vigilance. (RJM)

Outlines a new model for applying concepts from resilience research to education, prevention, and treatment. Suggests how these concepts can guide practitioners in creating more powerful interventions and in fostering positive development for all youth. Focuses on caring relationships, high expectations and positive beliefs, and opportunities for…

Outlines the elements of the Discipline with Dignity model. Describes three kinds of intervention--crisis, short-term, and long-term--in which students develop new strategies for success in school and life. Claims that these strategies will enhance student development. Contrasts punitive approaches with effective methods that elicit dignity. (RJM)

Recounts the troubled childhood of the talented sculptor, Korczak Ziolkowski. Focuses on Ziolkowski's time in an orphanage and his years in an abusive foster family. Describes how a juvenile judge helped him focus his creative energy and how Ziolkowski became committed to telling the story of Native Americans. (RJM)

Tests, in two studies, whether people respond to computer personalities the same way they respond to human personalities: experiment 1 matched dominant and submissive subjects with a computer endowed with like characteristics; experiment 2 used the same experimental design to assess users' psychological responses to changes in personality-based…

Tested for bias toward shifting attention toward threatening stimuli among high-anxious children and away from such stimuli among low-anxious children, ages 11-14. Results supported the predicted attentional bias toward threat cues among high-test-anxious children. Unexpectedly, the predicted attentional bias away from threat cues among…

Results from the Myers-Briggs Type Indicator (MBTI) for 259 nursing students were compared with achievement on examinations in an anatomy and physiology course. Factor analysis demonstrated no relationship between examination scores and any of the individual personality traits purported to be measured by MBTI. Analysis of variance revealed no…

The use of appropriateness measurement for identifying dishonest respondents on personality tests was studied through analysis of datasets of 48,725 and 1,987 in which respondents were instructed to answer honestly or dishonestly. An item response theory approach to detecting faking classified a higher number of faking respondents than did a…

This study examined the psychometrics of the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Personality Disorders Personality Questionnaire (SCID-IIP) self-report personality questionnaire. The responses to the instrument were found reliable and evidenced good self-other convergence. Correlations with external criteria showed the SCID-IIP to contain…