This note sketches aspects of the development of the Interpersonal System of Personality (ISP), using information appearing in dissertations, theses, notes, correspondence, and publications prior to the classic 1951 paper by M. B. Freedman, T. F. Leary, A. G. Ossorio, and H. S. Coffey. Topics include the setting and the creation of the ISP, the…

Single constructs measured using positively and negatively worded items are often incompatible with a congeneric model, but require 2 correlated factors. Imperfect correlation entails that 2 independent dimensions are required for representing the true variance. If 2 dimensions are sought, how can they be interpreted? This study shows how to…

Many factors influence students' growth and development. Nugent (2000) stated that the perfectionist attitude is established in childhood and suggested that identification of perfectionistic traits and recognition of problem areas is a first step to finding an alternative to the all or nothing attitude of many gifted students. Awareness of…

This study explores how adults learn from asynchronous written dialogue through the lens of psychological type preferences. We asked participants to discover their dominant and auxiliary psychological preferences using the Personal Empowerment through Type inventory. Participants then completed an open-ended survey in which they described their…

Is it possible to learn the relation between 2 nonadjacent events? M. Pena, L. L. Bonatti, M. Nespor, and J. Mehler (2002) claimed this to be possible, but only in conditions suggesting the involvement of algebraic-like computations. The present article reports simulation studies and experimental data showing that the observations on which Pe?a et…

Career decision making is an important aspect of career choice and career development. This theoretical article explores the relationship between J. L. Holland's (1997) 6 dimensions of personality and individual decision-making styles. Implications for career counselors are also provided.

Many schools throughout the United States have mandated some form of character education, peace education, or conflict resolution. The Peace Education Network hopes to encourage an exchange of ideas about what schools and teachers are doing that works and doesn't work. An article in The Washington Post (Kalita, 2003) describing a newly adopted…

This study of person fit in attitude surveys was undertaken in order to investigate the influence of the inclusion of misfitting persons on item parameter estimates in analyses using the Partial Credit extension of the Rasch measurement model. It was hypothesised that the inclusion of misfitting persons in data sets used for the calibration of…

This study examined the outcome of extended counselling sessions at a community counselling centre. Participants were 38 female and 7 male clients who were categorized as dealing with one of the following issues: trauma, multiple acute issues, complicated grief, or support while waiting for referral. Results showed a significant lessening of…

Poor mothers have long-standing habits of hiding their lives in response to punitive authorities and stigma. We identify practices of hiding daily life, and we describe participatory research approaches for and ethical concerns in learning more about poor women's critical insights and survival strategies.

Children with emotional challenges have often been seen as victims, but seldom as survivors. Persons who are able to overcome adversity can be strengthened by this experience as shown in this account of a youth struggling to surmount a traumatic life.

Twelve years after the 1994 genocide, Rwanda remains a beautiful, but wounded nation. It is a nation full of hope--one comprised of resilient people working to rebuild a nation that was largely destroyed, when 800,000 Tutsis and moderate Hutus were murdered in some 90 days during what is known as the machete genocide. In this article, the author…

Courage and the ability to respond heroically do not suddenly appear in youth or adults. These qualities are built in small step-by-step increments. Courage is persevering despite fear. It is gumption, grit, and the capacity to get up after a setback, with one's heart on fire. Courage finds its roots in two fundamental skills learned during early…

Against a formidable national discourse that emphasizes academic standardization, accountability, and high-stakes testing in educational policy, "Character and Moral Education: A Reader" seeks to re-introduce and revive the moral mission of education in public conversation and practices in America's schools. With contributions from a…

Developing the ability to speak in a foreign language is an arduous task. This is because it involves the mastery of different language subsystems, simultaneous focus on comprehension and production, and the impact of a range of social factors. This challenge is further compounded in situations in which learners have limited access to the target…