Use of challenge questioning is an approach to stimulating classroom conversation in a foreign language. Students ask questions, based on a reading selection, whose answers are not clearly given in the text. The instructor or other students are challenged to respond, and spontaneous conversation is facilitated. (CHK)

Reports statistics showing that strong employment growth during 1977 was accompanied by fairly substantial declines in unemployment; from yearend 1976 to December 1977, the jobless rate fell to 6.4 percent the lowest point in more than three years. Trends among special labor force groups are also discussed. (Editor/TA)

Compared with 30 normal and 30 language-deviant 3-year-old Spanish speaking Puerto Rican children were two measures of linguistic proficiency. (Author/MH)

The article discusses the diversity of jobs and challenges in human services, illustrates the opportunities available by citing examples of Hispanic workers and agencies active in the field, and provides a list of resources to help people explore the field further. (NQ)

The growing Latino alliances have provided for reflection and analysis of, and action to solve, such problems as political underrepresentation, biased testing procedures, monolingual English school policies, and sky-rocketing costs. (NQ)

A short critique of the audiovisual and global structure method as used in university foreign language classes in Belgium with special emphasis on the Spanish program. An important understanding is an articulation of active and passive knowledge as opposed to their separation. (Text is in French.) (AMH)

The Spanish feminine article /el/, ordinarily the singular masculine definite article, has been used as evidence of the need for obligatory disagreement rules. Others explain the anamoly by means of referral rules. A third solution is suggested: an allomorphy rule which can be interpreted syntactically or phonologically. (LMO)

Comparison of the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Language's (ACTFL) Oral Proficiency Interview (OPI) and a communicative competence-oriented dictation test, involving 60 university level French, German, or Spanish majors, revealed significant correlations between the two tests. (CB)

A review of research concerning bilingual (English and Spanish) Chicanos' use of code-switching during spontaneous oral narrative indicates that such code-switching may be organized to achieve more dramatic effects through personalizing (as opposed to objectionalizing) certain parts of the narrative and through techniques of foregrounding and…

Describes an adaptation of an intensive language (Spanish) program to suit the needs of two-year community college, resulting in student enthusiasm, increased enrollment, and more comprehensive coverage of material. (CB)

Addresses Hispanic goals for education and the current political situation in which these goals must be pursued. Discusses how the agenda of Hispanic researchers and advocacy organizations is rapidly expanding beyond a traditional focus on language and bilingual education. (Author/LHW)

Presents a paradigm of the relation between bilingual program effectiveness and school-wide effectiveness. Presents a case study of Clavin J. Lauderbach Community School, a southern California elementary school where both school and bilingual programs are effective. Mutually reinforcing interaction between bilingual programs and school context…

Discusses and compares the syntactic features of free relative clauses found in Castilian and Aragonese dialects of Old Spanish. The role of clitics (nontonic pronominals) and the lexical innovations of the wh-question compound-type clauses are highlighted. (TR)

Examines an exemplary bilingual program in Albuquerque, New Mexico and examines patterns of classroom literacy, including the role of written Spanish and the values it represents. (DF)