Results of this study indicate that trait anxiety (personal disposition) significantly affects both state anxiety and motor performance, but no audience main effects or interaction effects were statistically significant. (JD)

The study investigated the association of school superintendents' Machiavellian orientation and self-perceptions of influence as well as school board members' and other administrators' perceptions of superintendent's influence. (Author/JC)

As measured by references in Buros' Mental Measurement Yearbooks, recent trends in test research are measured. The 24 tests with the greatest number of publications are identified, and growth trends of 5 major tests are shown. (Author/DEP)

Subjects rated each item in Rotter's I-E Scale for its social desirability value. Social desirability scale values (SDSV) of paired items were compared with one another. Results indicate that paired items are not similar in their SDSV, thus enabling subjects to respond on the basis of social desirability. (Author/DEP)

Builds on a 1983 pilot study of the sequence of feelings and behaviors in divorce, using 141 divorced persons. Model employed three process stages, three filing categories, and three variables. Results of phase two indicated modal frequency of responses at various stages. Recovery lag between actives and passives was not confirmed as in 1983…

Reports results of a study of a non-clinical sample of children (N=112) from families (N=86) after divorce filing using criteria to assess clinically significant levels of problems in children aged 7-12. Results suggest children may adapt better to divorce than some studies suggest. Children with behavior problems were less likely to have regular…

Reviews Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) performance as a function of ethnic group membership in Asian Americans, Blacks, Hispanics, and Native Americans. Recommends issues raised in the review be addressed by research before it can be concluded that new norms for the MMPI are needed for specific ethnic groups. (Author/NB)

Adult self-directed learning is considered a process of self-instruction. This concept is inadequate because it fails to account for persistence in learning and excludes adults unable to plan self-instruction. These inadequacies can be addressed by studying self-directed learning as it relates to the learner's personality. (Author/CH)

Studied influence of television as a leisure activity in adult women between the ages of 36 and 50 (two groups: one, sports-oriented, the other, not sports-oriented). Nonsports-oriented subjects watched television for passing of time, companionship, and information; the other group viewed television for current events. Leisure activity was direct…

Developed and cross-validated an empirically derived classification system of chronic pain patients. Identified three unique subgroups of chronic pain patients, labeled dysfunctional, interpersonally distressed, and minimizers/adaptive copers. Cross-validated and confirmed the uniqueness and accuracy of the taxonomy in a second study. Offers…

The Objective Measure of Ego Identity was administered to 350 adolescents to test the Eriksonian theory of a developmental continuum from role diffusion to identity achievement. The results offer construct validity for the dynamic process proposed by Blos and Erikson, but do not support the categorization procedure as set forth by Adams, Shea, and…

An examination of a learning style topology through the comparison of information processing and instructional preference toponymies is discussed. It was hypothesized that learning style modes would be discernible within each of these toponymies and that the toponymies would demonstrate orthogonality. Data analyzed for 429 university students…

Examined whether cognitive rigidity is personality trait of suicide attempters or transient characteristic limited to crisis period. Tests for rigidity administered to suicide attempters after the crisis period found subjects less rigid than attempters from previous studies which administered tests during crisis situation. Findings suggest that…

The results of an empirical investigation with 122 university students are discussed in terms of J. E. Marcia's identity status paradigm. E. H. Erikson's notions of institutionalized moratoria, value orientation stages, and the ego-superego struggle for dominance of the personality are related to the identity status categories to the degree that…

When 96 mothers and 46 fathers of 6- or 13-month-old infants independently generated behavioral cues they believed contributed to their perception of their infant's recent easiness/difficultness, few systematic differences were found between easy and difficult infants, 6- and 13-month-olds, males and females, and firstborn and later-born.…