Tested for a link between Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale scores and personality style by comparing WAIS scores with Rorschach Experience Balance scores in two studies using 47 children and 188 psychiatric patients. Statistical analyses showed no significant relationships, indicating lack of a common factor underlying the measures. (WAS)

Ninety-eight children identified as shy, based on their self-perceptions and specific criteria related to shyness, were administered a self-esteem inventory and self-report measures of shyness. A significant correlation between shyness and self-esteem scores indicated that shyness is related to low self-esteem. (Author/CM)

Examined the utility of the aggregation method as a measure of behavioral consistency in 26 studies involving computer-generated, repeated-measurement data. Concluded that aggregation produces spuriously high estimates of behavioral consistency. The Spearman-Brown prophecy formula and coefficient alpha accurately predict the results of the…

Investigated the usefulness of Arnold's Signs in examining marital discord among married couples (N=72) who were parents of children brought to a mental health facility seeking marital counseling, or in the process of divorce. Results revealed that the counseling group was consistently higher on all signs that reached significance. (Author/JAC)

Found a significant positive correlation between wives' (but not husbands') neuroticism scores and the degree to which the couple is apart on Lanyon's extraversion-introversion scale. Further correlations suggest fewer intimate communications and agreements between highly diverging couples. Theorized that this constellation of factors leads to…

A study attempted to identify a typology of leisure activities based on the interests of college students and to determine the degree of relationship between personality needs and the identified leisure typology. Findings suggest that a general pattern of leisure interests does exist for a specified population. (Author/JN)

Two studies examined the effects of dispositional self-consciousness on reactance. Men who were high in private self-consciousness displayed greater reactance responses to a coercive communication attempt. Women high in private self-consciousness exhibited greater reactance responses to a self-imposed threat to their freedom of choice. (Author)

Investigated the empirical derivation of clinically and theoretically meaningful subtypes among males arrested for driving while intoxicated. Five subtypes were defined through cluster analysis of driving--attitudinal, personality, and hostility measures. Two subtypes were found to have particularly high levels of risk-enhancing traits. (Author)

Performed statistical analyses on Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory results of 231 Black and 231 White male and female psychiatric patients matched for sex, age, residence, employment, years of education, marital status, socioeconomic status, and hospital status. Results indicated no differences beyond chance for any of the dependent…

Described an assertiveness scale for children developed to assess four dimensions of assertiveness across three categories of interpersonal situations. The scale was administered to elementary and middle school children (N=609) and readministered to students (N=164) to assess test-retest reliability. Test-retest reliability was low while internal…

College males and females were given measures of identity status, intimacy status, and self-esteem. Males were found to focus on intrapersonal aspects of identity, females on interpersonal aspects. The pursuit of various identity development pathways affected self-esteem differentially each sex. Sex differences in intimacy were also found.…

Evaluates a multivariate model of youthful marijuana use. The model includes the symbolic-protest function and the peer-acceptance function, marijuana use for gaining acceptance from permissive peers. Support for the model comes from close correspondence between observed and predicted correlations and the low, nonsignificant value of the…

Developed norms for an adult industrial population for the Eysenck Personality Inventory. An analysis of scale scores by age, sex, marital status, and occupational category revealed significant differences in extraversion scale scores by age and sex. Norm tables are presented by sex. (Author)

Men and women were surveyed to discover how social competence affects the marital relationship, using measures of social self-esteem, interpersonal efficacy, judgmental ability, need for dominance, and liking people. Marital adjustment was related to self-perceived social competence. (CT)

The Vocational Preference Inventory (VPA) and the Ohio Work Values Inventory (OWVI) were administered to 115 undergraduates. A two-factor MANOVA was performed with personality types (VPI) and sex as independent variables and work values (OWVI) as dependent variables. The F-ratios for main effects were significant. (Author/SJL)