Traditionally, social psychology has conceptualized sex and gender as subject variables with sex as a biological substrate and gender as a sociocultural consequence of sex. These ideas rest on the assumption of two distinct biological categories. However, gender is better thought of in dialectical rather than oppositional terms. Gender is both…

The basic tenet of the Person-Environment (P*E) Congruence model posits that well-being, as one index of adjustment, is dependent on the degree of fit between the perceived environment and the preferred environment. While the literature is clear regarding the relationship of P*E Congruence and well-being, one theoretical issue that needs to be…

In a study of mothers' assessment of their infant's temperament during the first 3 months, a total of 116 mothers completed 23 scaled items assessing the 9 New York Longitudinal Study temperament dimensions, and cuddliness and soothability, at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after delivery. Although nearly half of the mothers could not rate approach…

Recent discussions of sex differences in intellectual abilities concur that such cognitive sex differences are statistically reliable yet small. To examine the variables of anxiety, rigidity, and divergent production, and to demonstrate that meaningful interactions involving the sex variable may be revealed when there are no "simple" sex…

Carl Jung's theory of type states that much seemingly chance variation in human behavior results, not from chance, but from basic differences in human functioning. This theory is divided into two major components: fundamental human attitudes (extroversion, introversion) and basic mental processes (sensation, intuition, thinking, feeling).…

Although the number of computers in the school system is increasing, many schools are not using computers to their capacity. One reason for this may be computer anxiety on the part of the teacher. A review of the computer anxiety literature reveals little information on the subject, and findings from previous studies suggest that basic controlled…

Requests for reprints should be sent to: Norman N. Markel, Communication Sciences Laboratory, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32601.

The rich complexity of the concepts of masculinity and femininity has been reflected in personality measures in at least two different ways: by employing a variety of subscales with comparatively homogeneous items or by using a single scale with comparatively heterogeneous items. The Personal Attributes Questionnaire (PAQ) was the subject of an…

IN ORDER TO UNDERSTAND YOUTH HANDICAPPED BY SOCIAL STATUS DIFFERENCES, IT WAS NECESSARY TO REALIZE POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE ASPECTS WERE CONTRADICTORY ATTITUDES TOWARD SELF AND OTHERS, MATERIALISTIC ATTITUDES, LOW-LEVEL ASPIRATION AND MOTIVATION, AND DIFFERENT SOCIOCULTURAL PATTERNS. THE POSITIVE ASPECTS INCLUDED SELECTIVE MOTIVATION AND CREATIVITY,…

The Omnibus Personality Inventory (OPI) was administered to 76 volunteer graduating seniors at the University of Kentucky to investigate the dimensions of personality change through a factor analysis of independent change scores. These change scores were obtained by comparing the OPI scores of the students as freshmen with those scores of the same…

This booklet is divided into two parts. Part 1 discusses how personality and emotions affect one another and how one can cope with strong emotions. It also deals with how to get along with others and questions young people often ask concerning personality and emotions. Part 2 discusses human relations and how to improve relationships with others.…

The profusely illustrated booklet suggests ways for developing the personal skills necessary for individual program development for achieving personal goals. With two hypothetical characters, June and Ray, to illustrate the booklet's suggestions, methods of estimating and testing physical, emotional, and intellectual traits necessary for…

Two hypotheses are examined: 1) Low Machiavellians writing counterattitudinal essays will report greater attitude change toward the direction of the position advocated than will high Machiavellians; and 2) Intrinsically religious persons writing counterattitudinal essays will report greater attitude change toward the direction of the position…

Because much conjecture (but limited empirical research) exists about the nonverbal variable to time, this exploratory study investigated the effects of differential arrival times on four dimensions of source credibility: sociability, dynamism, competence, and composure. Subjects were 84 educational secretaries with a mean age of 49 years. Each…