This article argues that vocational psychology is, and has been, positive psychology. It provides an overview of the theory of work adjustment (TWA), one of the most robust and best validated theories in vocational psychology. It also provides an introduction to person-environment-correspondence (PEC) counseling, an extension of the TWA concepts…

International terrorism has become a major global concern. Several studies conducted in North America and Europe in the aftermath of terrorist attacks reveal that international terrorism represents a significant short-term and long-term threat to mental health. In the present article, the authors clarify the concept and categories of terrorism and…

This study assessed the main and interactive effects of perceived parental expectations and perceived parental criticism on 180 young talented athletes' perfectionistic tendencies and level and reported fluctuation in self-esteem. A potential quadratic effect of perceived parental expectations on the targeted dependent variables was also tested.…

A central hypothesis of classical motivation theory is that affect underlies motivation and its behavioural manifestations. However, this has been largely ignored in the past 30 years because social cognitivism has been the dominant theory. As a result, studies have concentrated on social cognitive processes when analysing those factors that…

In this discussion, we summarize the main aspects of the research presented in the papers and discuss what we see as their strong points. To analyze recent developments in identity research, we compared the present issue with the special issue of the "Journal of Adolescence" in 1996 on "Identity Development in Context". In that issue it was…

The present study investigated the influence of contextual (i.e., being in college vs. being employed) and psychological (i.e., sense of coherence) processes on achieving a sense of adulthood in a sample of 317 emerging adults. Identity formation, conceptualized as multiple dimensions of exploration and of commitment, was conceived of as a…

This "special report" is an alert for academic presidents interested in research findings on "Leadership Types". It is subtitled: "An Alert to the Potential for Enhancing Leadership Effectiveness by Personalizing the Administrative/Learning Climate." The paper describes the development of a teacher education program…

The release of the newest Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire (16PF), Fifth Edition, is the evolution of Raymond Cattell's conceptualization of the primary components of personality by analyzing adjectives describing human behavior. This updated version continues to measure the same 16 primary personality factors with improved reliability and…

This paper synthesizes a variety of perspectives, with an emphasis on attachment theory, on the agency/communion polarity as first defined by David Bakan (1966). The question researchers sought to answer was whether or not agency/communion is best approached as a polarity--opposite and opposing forces, forces in the personality which have often…

Instructional materials are provided for a workplace communication class that is designed to cover 3 aspects of communication in 9 class hours. The first module on personalities is devoted to the following material found in Smalley and Trent's book, "The Two Sides of Love": introduction to personality categorizing; personality survey; discussions…

The purposes of this study were (1) to determine the factor structure of the Teacher Temperament Questionnaire (TTQ); and (2) to use this questionnaire as an instrument to determine if the factor structure of the TTQ corresponded to the New York Longitudinal Study (NYLS) temperament qualities. The TTQ, consisting of 64 behavioral items, measures…

The purpose of the investigation was to determine the extent to which the utilization of a workshop can modify attitudes of classroom teachers toward greater and more realistic acceptance of exceptional children. Teachers and administrators from four schools were provided 15 workshop sessions within 30 weeks. Meetings included a lecture on an area…

Holland postulates six personality types, to which he relates vocational choice as the expression of one's needs and personality. This study was designed to validate one of these types, which he designated as Social. One hundred and nine occupational therapy students were administered six tests which measured needs, personality factors, self…

Goal of this research project was to discover those personality characteristics of college students which predispose them towards learning more effectively from one, rather than some other, particular instructional format. (Author)

Argues caregivers play an important role in infant personality development and growth. Provides a review of theories on temperament styles, attachment relationships, sex role socialization, and the roots of prosocial and aggressive interactions. Describes how caregivers promote positive personality development through free play and responding to…