This study examines the relationship between vulnerability factors and recidivism of juvenile offenders. Four factors are identified which distinguish recedivists from nonrecidivists in a sample of 96 first offenders matched by age and sex. Results are discussed from an epidemiological and early intervention perspective. (Author/BS)

In a longitudinal sample of three- through 11-year-olds, age-appropriate versions of the Matching Familiar Figures Test (MFFT) were administered. Uncorrected for attenuation, MFFT error scores were more consistent over time than MFFT latency scores for both girls and boys. Implications of results for validity of MFFT as a measure of cognitive…

Reports a study in which the letters F, G, and K were presented in normal and backward versions, in varying angular orientations, in left and right visual fields. (Author/NH)

Children from divorced families did not have more household or childcare responsibilities than other children, but they did assume a confidant role with their mothers more often. They also rated themselves lower in social competence. Maternal employment decreased the children's participation in athletic activities and involvement with friends.…

Describes a school-based primary drug prevention program for 11- to 13-year-old youths. Suggestions for designing developmental skills-oriented programs in rural communities are offered. (Author)

Corrects errors in "A Developmental Study of Learning Disabilities and Memory" by Stephen J. Ceci (Volume 38, Number 2 1984), pages 352-371. (AS)

Assessed sexual maturation and sociosexual behaviors in 101 nine- to 11-year-old low and middle income Black children. Data confirmed that girls were more advanced in sexual maturation than boys. Results of a self-report behavior scale indicated sexual behavior was related to physical development in boys but not girls. (JAC)

Examines the effects of word duration on memory span in subjects of different ages. Concludes that developmental increases in short-term memory span can be explained in terms of increases in speech rate. Suggests that increases in speech rate with age reflect increases in the speed of articulation of individual words. (Author/AS)

Age differences in memory performance have been ascribed to corresponding differences in the effectiveness of mental memorization procedures. A comparative assessment of opportunity and capability hypotheses is evaluated with reference to results of previous studies of procedural maintenance and transfer following instruction, using a sample of…

Differences among female tutors (n=80), aged 9 to 11, were examined in two ways: (1) using contrasts between same-age and mixed-age tutors; and (2) with separate contrasts, for the 11-year-old tutors, according to the ages of their tutees. (PN)

This article shows that the recognition of the dualities in equality (operator-equivalent) of the minus sign (unary-binary) and the zero (nullity-totality) during the transitional process from arithmetic to algebra by 12-13 year-old students constitutes a possible way to achieve the extension of the natural number domain to the integers. (Contains…

School students' intuitive concepts of infinity are gained from personal experiences and in many cases the tacit models built up by them are inconsistent. The paper describes and analyses a series of tasks which were developed to enable the researchers to look into the mental processes used by students when they are thinking about infinity and to…

Forty-two deaf children, eight- to 12-years-old and randomly divided into two groups, viewed the television program "Shazam" without captions (Group 1) and with captions at a simple language level (Group 2). Results indicated that captions enhance perception of emotional complexity by deaf children. (Author/MC)

Assesses the social image of cigarette smoking held by early- and middle-adolescent smokers and examines whether that social image serves to motivate smoking initiation. Results indicate that the social image of both male and female smokers is an ambivalent one. (Author/MP)

Preadolescents were interviewed to determine their image of foreigners and foreign countries. Images are formed from personal environmental experiences and television. Children from different socio-cultural levels have different images. (AM)