This report reviews versions of testing expectancy theory predictions of individual choice behavior. The ipsative, normative and return on effort approaches are addressed as are the issues of conceptual, methodical and empirical problems associated with each approach. In order to test the hypotheses as to which approach would yield stronger…

In the future American society may move away from its present structure of work and then retirement toward a blending of work, leisure, and education throughout life. (JD)

Surveyed 352 college students to examine their attitudes toward work roles for women. Results showed the majority of college men were supportive of career involvement for their future spouses, and college women anticipated at least interrupted career involvement for themselves. (Author/BH)

Single women who planned to be housewives at age 35 were more likely to marry soon. Between 1969 and 1975 this proportion decreased sharply. The change in future work plans may have reduced the chances that a woman in her early twenties would marry in the next few years. (Author)

Since knowledge of ego development can be used in professional work, a needed classification of attitudes toward the work ethic is advanced. A radical departure from our retirement policy towards those over 65 years of age requires additional competence on the part of counselors in the field of aging. (Author)

This study tested the hypotheses that expectancy work motivation, individual attitudes toward work, and structural and environmental components are predictions of teacher job satisfaction and effectiveness. Samples were selected from junior high school and higher education faculties. Subjects responded to open-ended questionnaires, and results…

Using a nationwide survey, found work expectations change dramatically during years normally associated with retirement; over two-fifths of those never expecting to stop working were retired four years later; those expecting to retire were more likely to reach that goal. Argues against cross-sectional studies in planning Social Security changes.…

Studied the effects of realistic job previews (RJPs) with candidates (N=842) for telephone service representative. Two types of preview, a film and job visit, were used. Results showed no significant differences between RJP candidates and control candidates with respect to job acceptance, expectations, job commitment, and turnover. (Author/RC)

Economic need was most highly correlated with employment. Moderately correlated variables included previous employment, number of children and beliefs about mothering. Sex-role attitudes were only slightly correlated, and education not at all. (Author)

This Technical Committee Report on Employment begins with a discussion of trends in work and retirement, examines attitudes toward work and retirement, and describes the economic and social consequences of work. An analysis of the present situation focuses on: (1) employment barriers and opportunities; (2) cost of employment; (3) productivity and…

To understand gender differences in career expectations, a survey of 232 recent college graduates' attitudes toward job factors (such as promotion and salary) was conducted. Findings suggest that women's career aspirations are quite similar to men's, especially for women who majored in traditionally "male" subjects. (KH)

Individuals do not make stable occupational choices early in their careers. Occupational mobility is far more characteristic of most careers than occupational stability. Careers may be considered as a series of responses to a succession of opportunity situations, not an effort to realize a predetermined occupational goal. (Author)

In recent years, organizational analysts have examined the dynamics of organizational commitment both in production and service industries. These efforts have attempted to identify the antecedents and consequences of organizational commitment. The linkages between organizational commitment, employees' intention to remain, and attitudes towards…

The objective of this study was to investigate the orientations of boys and girls towards marriage and procreation, a neglected area of sociological study, and to ascertain the manner in which the sexes may differ in these orientations. Reported are findings from a survey of Negro and white high school seniors and their dropout age peers residing…

This study explores young women's retention in sex-atypical jobs in the military and in civilian firms. It tests the hypothesis that women tend to leave stereotypically male jobs at higher rates than they leave stereotypically female jobs. The study models job turnover over a one-year period as a function of (1) the sex composition of an…