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Peer reviewedAyres, Joe; Hopf, Theodore S. – Communication Education, 1990
Compares communication apprehension (CA) levels of people exposed or not exposed to visualization (a desensitization technique to assist people in coping with CA) after four months and after eight months. Finds that those exposed to visualization reported significantly lower CA levels at the end of both time periods than those not exposed to…
Descriptors: Communication Apprehension, Communication Research, Higher Education, Speech Communication
Peer reviewedEly, Mark C. – Music Educators Journal, 1991
Discusses how teachers can help music students overcome performance anxiety. Divides performance anxiety into four major components: physiological, cognitive, behavioral, and psychological. Suggests fighting anxiety with relaxation techniques, imagery, cognitive statements, positive thinking, practice, and preparation. Discourages use of…
Descriptors: Anxiety, Association (Psychology), Biofeedback, Elementary Secondary Education
