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Brady, Timothy F.; Störmer, Viola S. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2022
Visual working memory is a capacity-limited cognitive system used to actively store and manipulate visual information. Visual working memory capacity is not fixed, but varies by stimulus type: Stimuli that are more meaningful are better remembered. In the current work, we investigate what conditions lead to the strongest benefits for meaningful…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory, Semantics
Ruoyang Hu; Robert A. Jacobs – Cognitive Science, 2024
Visual working memory (VWM) refers to the temporary storage and manipulation of visual information. Although visually different, objects we view and remember can share the same higher-level category information, such as an apple, orange, and banana all being classified as fruit. We study the influence of category information on VWM, focusing on…
Descriptors: Visual Perception, Short Term Memory, Visual Stimuli, Semantics
Ferreira, Catarina S.; Wimber, Maria – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Remembering facilitates future remembering. This benefit of practicing by active retrieval, as compared to more passive relearning, is known as the testing effect and is one of the most robust findings in the memory literature. It has typically been assessed using verbal materials such as word pairs, sentences, or educational texts. We here…
Descriptors: Testing, Student Evaluation, Memory, Recall (Psychology)
Ramey, Michelle M.; Yonelinas, Andrew P.; Henderson, John M. – Learning & Memory, 2020
When we look at repeated scenes, we tend to visit similar regions each time--a phenomenon known as "resampling." Resampling has long been attributed to episodic memory, but the relationship between resampling and episodic memory has recently been found to be less consistent than assumed. A possibility that has yet to be fully considered…
Descriptors: Memory, Eye Movements, Semantics, Visual Stimuli
Thothathiri, Malathi; Braiuca, Maria C. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2021
Previous studies using artificial languages suggest that sentence production can be guided by verb-specific as well as verb-general statistics present in the language input. Here we investigated whether the statistical properties of ongoing input in the speakers' native language systematically affected their sentence production. Three experiments…
Descriptors: Verbs, Cues, Semantics, Cognitive Mapping
Norris, Jade Eloise; Crane, Laura; Maras, Katie – Autism: The International Journal of Research and Practice, 2020
Recalling specific past experiences is critical for most formal social interactions, including when being interviewed for employment, as a witness or defendant in the criminal justice system, or as a patient during a clinical consultation. Such interviews can be difficult for autistic adults under standard open questioning, yet applied research…
Descriptors: Autism, Pervasive Developmental Disorders, Adults, Interviews
Smith, S. Adam; Mulligan, Neil W. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2018
The typical pattern of results in divided attention experiments is that subjects in a full attention (FA) condition perform markedly better on tests of memory than subjects in a divided attention (DA) condition which forces subjects to split their attention between studying to-be-remembered stimuli and completing some peripheral task.…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Tests, Memory, Task Analysis
Hughes-Berheim, Sarah S.; Cheimariou, Spyridoula; Shelley-Tremblay, John F.; Doheny, Margaret M.; Morett, Laura M. – Discourse Processes: A Multidisciplinary Journal, 2022
Taken together, the Coherence Principle of Multimedia Learning Theory and the Integrated Systems Hypothesis propose that co-occurring and semantically congruent verbal and visual information should be integrated into one mental representation that enhances memory. The purpose of this paper was to examine how learning pseudowords with matching…
Descriptors: Nonverbal Communication, Vocabulary Development, Systems Approach, Reading Processes
Cirelli, Laura K.; Dickinson, Joël; Poirier, Marie – Journal of Psycholinguistic Research, 2015
Previous research has shown that explicit cues specific to the encoding process (endogenous) or characteristic of the stimuli themselves (exogenous) can be used to direct a reader's attentional resources towards either relational or item-specific information. By directing attention to relational information (and therefore away from item-specific…
Descriptors: Cues, Psycholinguistics, Language Processing, Memory
Röer, Jan Philipp; Bell, Raoul; Körner, Ulrike; Buchner, Axel – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2019
Short-term memory (STM) for serially presented visual items is disrupted by task-irrelevant, to-beignored speech. Five experiments investigated the extent to which irrelevant speech is processed semantically by contrasting the following two hypotheses: (1) semantic processing of irrelevant speech is limited and does not interfere with serial STM…
Descriptors: Semantics, Recall (Psychology), Short Term Memory, Sentence Structure
Giesen, Carina; Rothermund, Klaus – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2016
Stimulus-response (S-R) episodes are formed whenever a response is executed in close temporal proximity to a stimulus. Subsequent stimulus repetition will retrieve the episode from memory, reactivating the previous response. Whereas many research findings attest to the flexibility of representing stimulus features, only little is known about the…
Descriptors: Semantics, Motor Reactions, Task Analysis, Memory
Heyman, Tom; Van Rensbergen, Bram; Storms, Gert; Hutchison, Keith A.; De Deyne, Simon – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
The present research examines the nature of the different processes that have been proposed to underlie semantic priming. Specifically, it has been argued that priming arises as a result of "automatic target activation" and/or the use of strategies like prospective "expectancy generation" and "retrospective semantic…
Descriptors: Short Term Memory, Semantics, Priming, Cognitive Processes
Shivde, Geeta; Anderson, Michael C. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2011
Despite widespread acknowledgment of the importance of online semantic maintenance, there has been astonishingly little work that clearly establishes this construct. We review the extant work relevant to short-term retention of meaning and show that, although consistent with semantic working memory, most data can be accommodated in other ways.…
Descriptors: Maintenance, Semantics, Short Term Memory, Long Term Memory
Jonker, Tanya R.; MacLeod, Colin M. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2015
McDaniel and Bugg (2008) proposed that relatively uncommon stimuli and encoding tasks encourage elaborative encoding of individual items (item-specific processing), whereas relatively typical or common encoding tasks encourage encoding of associations among list items (relational processing). It is this relational processing that is thought to…
Descriptors: Memory, Cognitive Processes, Semantics, Interference (Learning)
Hutchison, Keith A.; Heap, Shelly J.; Neely, James H.; Thomas, Matthew A. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2014
Participants completed a battery of 3 attentional control (AC) tasks (OSPAN, antisaccade, and Stroop, as in Hutchison, 2007) and performed a lexical decision task with symmetrically associated (e.g., "sister-brother") and asymmetrically related primes and targets presented in both the forward (e.g., "atom-bomb") and backward…
Descriptors: Attention Control, Priming, Experimental Psychology, Associative Learning