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Ju, Jangkyu; Cho, Yang Seok – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2023
Previous studies on value-driven attentional capture (VDAC) have demonstrated that the uncertainty of reward value modulates attentional allocation via associative learning. However, it is unclear whether such attentional exploration is executed based on the amount of potential reward information available for refining value prediction or the…
Descriptors: Attention, Attention Control, Rewards, Associative Learning
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Kikas, Katarina; Westbrook, R. Frederick; Holmes, Nathan M. – Learning & Memory, 2021
Four experiments examined the effects of a dangerous context and a systemic epinephrine injection on sensory preconditioning in rats. In each experiment, rats were exposed to presentations of a tone and light in stage 1, light-shock pairings in stage 2, and test presentations of the tone alone and light alone in stage 3. Presentations of the tone…
Descriptors: Sensory Experience, Conditioning, Animals, Visual Stimuli
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Childers, Jane B.; Parrish, Rebecca; Olson, Christina V.; Burch, Clare; Fung, Gavin; McIntyre, Kevin P. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2016
An important problem verb learners must solve is how to extend verbs. Children could use cross-situational information to guide their extensions; however, comparing events is difficult. In 2 studies, researchers tested whether children benefit from initially seeing a pair of similar events ("progressive alignment") while learning new…
Descriptors: Toddlers, Child Language, Language Acquisition, Verbs
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Le Pelley, Mike E.; Vadillo, Miguel; Luque, David – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2013
Attentional theories of associative learning and categorization propose that learning about the predictiveness of a stimulus influences the amount of attention that is paid to that stimulus. Three experiments tested this idea by looking at the extent to which stimuli that had previously been experienced as predictive or nonpredictive in a…
Descriptors: Task Analysis, Classification, Cues, Prediction
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Arias-Trejo, Natalia; Alva, Elda Alicia – Developmental Psychology, 2013
Research has demonstrated that children use different strategies to infer a referent. One of these strategies is to use inflectional morphology. We present evidence that toddlers learning Spanish are capable of using gender word inflections to infer word reference. Thirty-month-olds were tested in a preferential looking experiment. Participants…
Descriptors: Grammar, Morphology (Languages), Spanish, Toddlers
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Salley, Brenda; Panneton, Robin K.; Colombo, John – Infancy, 2013
The aim of this study was to examine the combined influences of infants' attention and use of social cues in the prediction of their language outcomes. This longitudinal study measured infants' visual attention on a distractibility task (11 months), joint attention (14 months), and language outcomes (word-object association, 14 months; MBCDI…
Descriptors: Attention, Predictor Variables, Infants, Cues
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Yu, Chen; Smith, Linda B. – Developmental Science, 2011
Recent studies show that both adults and young children possess powerful statistical learning capabilities to solve the word-to-world mapping problem. However, the underlying mechanisms that make statistical learning possible and powerful are not yet known. With the goal of providing new insights into this issue, the research reported in this…
Descriptors: Eye Movements, Attention, Associative Learning, Human Body
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Eidels, Ami; Townsend, James T.; Algom, Daniel – Cognition, 2010
A huge set of focused attention experiments show that when presented with color words printed in color, observers report the ink color faster if the carrier word is the name of the color rather than the name of an alternative color, the Stroop effect. There is also a large number (although not so numerous as the Stroop task) of so-called…
Descriptors: Visual Stimuli, Cognitive Processes, Color, Associative Learning
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Baumgartner, Heidi A.; Oakes, Lisa M. – Journal of Cognition and Development, 2011
When learning object function, infants must detect relations among features--for example, that squeezing is associated with squeaking or that objects with wheels roll. Previously, Perone and Oakes (2006) found 10-month-old infants were sensitive to relations between object appearances and actions, but not to relations between appearances and…
Descriptors: Infants, Manipulative Materials, Visual Stimuli, Auditory Perception
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Kaplan, Peter S.; Zarlengo-Strouse, Patricia; Kirk, Lisa S.; Angel, Cynthia L. – Developmental Psychology, 1997
Two experiments examined role of affective correspondence between signal and outcome in 4-month olds' associative learning. Found that only when consoling infant-directed speech signaled the sad face did infants' visual interest in a checkerboard increase. Arousing infant-directed speech signaling either the smiling or sad face produced positive…
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Attention, Auditory Stimuli, Cognitive Development
Fleming, Malcolm – AV Commun Rev, 1969
Reviews a large number of studies of eye movement. Bibliography appended. (LS)
Descriptors: Associative Learning, Attention, Cognitive Processes, Eye Movements
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Kruschke, John K.; Kappenman, Emily S.; Hetrick, William P. – Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 2005
The associative learning effects called blocking and highlighting have previously been explained by covert learned attention, but evidence for learned attention has been indirect, via models of response choice. The present research reports results from eye tracking consistent with the attentional hypothesis: Gaze duration is diminished for blocked…
Descriptors: Individual Differences, Associative Learning, Attention, Causal Models
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Grindle, Corinna F.; Remington, Bob – Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 2005
Three children with autism were taught to identify pictures of emotions in response to their spoken names. Their speed of acquisition was compared using a within-child alternating treatments design across three teaching conditions, each involving a 5 second delay to reinforcement. In the marked-before condition, an instruction encouraged the…
Descriptors: Autism, Children, Rewards, Pictorial Stimuli