Presents computational and psychophysical evidence in support of a theory of one of the earliest stages of visual processing in reading--the isolation of words in text. (HOD)

Preferential looking at stimuli varying in temporal frequency was examined in 11 prematurely born infants. The relationship between amount of looking and stimulus frequency yielded a significant linear trend with the fastest frequency used (4 hertz) being most preferred. (Author/DB)

Two experiments were conducted in order to determine whether there are differences between well and malnourished infants in the extent to which they prefer novel stimuli. (MP)

Data from a study of spatial representation in blind children were subjected to two stepwise regression analyses to determine the relationships between several subject related variables and responses to "map" (cognitive map) and "route" (sequential memory) questions about the position of furniture in a recently explored room. (Author/SBH)

The time course of kindergarten children's memory for left-right orientation during the first 2 l/2 seconds after receptor stimulation was investigated by means of a successive matching-to-sample task with tachistoscopically presented abstract figures. (Author/DB)

Discusses human ability to perceive repeated sensory stimuli in the visual system, and explains that its frequency fc has a critical value, under normal conditions, about 40 Hz. (GA)

The holistic-discriminability model of object-space perception recognizes various classes of stimuli having different task requirements, with few assumptions. The alternative analytic model, contrary to Dykes and Cooper, is inadequate; it involves many assumptions, predicts only a limited set of data and makes some incorrect predictions.…

Studied effects of durations of eye contact over two counseling conditions. Females observed counseling interviews and rated counselors on effectiveness. Counselors using both styles were rated higher on all dimensions. In problem-focused conditions, the counselor was rated lower in genuineness. Differences did not hold for high level of eye…

This study found that color in a film helped fourth- and fifth-grade students of all ability levels learn incidental information, but affected learning of task-relevant information differently depending on ability level. (Author/JEG)

Twenty-two third-grade good and poor readers were tested for their ability to name pictures while trying to ignore words or nonword strings of letters printed inside the pictures. Both groups experienced more interference from intracategory than extracategory words, indicating that they processed the words automatically. Only the good readers…

In the article the author refutes J. Fletcher and P. Satz's analysis of the etiology of reading disability on logical, theoretical, and empirical grounds. (Author/PHR)

In the rejoinder the authors describe the methodological and interpretive factors in the Vellutino et al, experiments which limited the degree to which the studies refuted perceptual deficit hypotheses of reading disability. Note: for more of the interchange see EC 114 687-688. (Author/PHR)

Adapts a metaphor to draw attention to four aspects of the relationship between originator and user, and the communication medium: the problem of encoding information in graphic form, diagrams as tools for enquiry and thought, illustrations as aids to learning, and illustrations as aids to problem solving. (Author)

Discusses reading specialists' responsibilities concerning children's vision problems. (MKM)

Identifies some functional vision problems and describes some assessment procedures for determining whether a child needs professional help. (MKM)