Naval researchers studied the effects of delay in the presentatio of visual information on pilot performance. Simulated carrier landing tasks were performed by subjects using a visual display generated by a computer. In one part of the experiment pilots were asked to "fly" carrier approaches with and without a 0.1 second delay in the…

Four experiments were conducted to investigate the extent to which infants of different ages respond to facelike drawings on the basis of stimulus complexity and/or resemblance to the human face. Infants' responses to stimulus patterns were assessed using the corneal reflection technique developed by Robert Trantz. In the first two experiments,…

Two experiments were conducted to investigate the units of word perception used by adults and children reading on different levels of reading maturity. The purpose of the investigations was to determine whether whole words, single letters, or spelling patterns operate in the recognition of isolated words. Both experiments used a same-different…

The report presents both a way of looking at perceptual mechanisms in nervous systems in terms of distributed information processing, and a way of creating computer models of parts of nervous systems. The first notion views a nervous system as a collection of interacting parallel-operating computation units, each of which has some part of the…

An explanation of visual perception is presented using physiological facts, analogies to digital computers, and analogies to the structure of written languages. According to the explanation, visual input is discontinuous, with the discontinuities mediated by and correlated with the jumps of the eye. This is analogous to the gated and buffer-stored…

This paper describes the physiological "eye noise" effect of line contrast in maps and considers the effect of line contrast on the direct picture of terrain surface as produced by shaded relief. An attempt is made to describe map reading in its two major steps: 1) the enrichment of the brain image resulting from scanning the map sheet,…

Ten test films were developed to measure aspects of children's visual perception which are difficult to assess through conventional paper and pencil tests. The film medium was selected because it allows the presentation of temporal, as well as spacial, aspects of the stimuli. Four areas of perceptual performance covered in the films are: (1)…

The report summarizes the aims of a 3-year program of work concerned with psychological factors in solar observing. Part I identifies several psychological factors which may affect solar observing and outlines a program of research. Part II is a report of a program of studies dealing with the application of visual perceptions in solar flare…

The purpose of the present work was to investigate the relation between pattern goodness and accuracy of reproduction in backward masking. It may be hypothesized that good patterns, being easier to encode as wholes, will be reproduced more easily than poorer patterns. Four experiments were performed. (Author)

The objective of this study was to test the cognitive identity of older male and female populations with reference to raw score, component structure, and component score measures of spatial and verbal performance. Women (N=100) and 96 men were administered three verbal and six nonverbal cognitive subtests. (Author)

Investigated with 125 children (4-14 years old) with speech, language, or emotional disorders was the assumption that the naming function can be underdeveloped because of defects in the word's gnostic base. (Author/DB)

This paper presents a model of infant visual recognition which proposes that an infant faced with a novel and a previously exposed target responds with one "look" consisting of a chain of 2 covert responses: (1) an attentional observing response to a dimension and (2) a fixation response to a cue. (Author/JMB)

A series of experiments is described whose aim was to define certain of the effective dimensions of stimulation in the newborn's visual environment. (Author/JMB)

Presents the results of investigating mature readers' focal points when viewing letters, words, and phrases. Several hypotheses from the experiments imply subconscious preprocessing for the mature reader. (JM)