An adaptation of the Visual Efficiency Scale, which incorporated familiar three-dimensional objects into the task, resulted in a more successful measure of visual proficiency when tested with 15 developmentally delayed kindergarten and primary grade children. (PHR)

Results of discriminating and monitoring tasks indicate that performance deteriorates over time when a specific object must be distinguished from previously presented nonspecific objects in a display which changes quickly. The results offer a basis for distinguishing between perceptual and response processes underlying the vigilance decrement.…

Four experiments investigated newborns' ability to discriminate, recognize, and learn visual information embedded in the schematic face-like patterns preferred at birth. Results indicated that newborns discriminated face-like stimuli relying on their internal features and recognized a perceptual invariance between face-like configurations in…

An 18-item "Shortened Visuospatial Questionnaire" (SVS) was validated twice, first by verifying that children (ages 8-13) identified with the SVS questionnaire as having visuospatial learning disability (VSLD) (n=54) actually showed visuospatial deficits on psychometric evaluation, and second, by rating with the SVS a clinically identified…

Visual-spatial orienting in 10 high-functioning adults with autism was examined. Compared to controls, subjects responded faster to central than to lateral stimuli, and showed a left visual field advantage for stimulus detection only when laterally presented. Abnormalities in attention shifting and coordination of attentional and motor systems are…

Studied infant ability to extract depth information from a three-dimensional structure. Found evidence that 8-month-old infants distinguished between lines indicating edges, and lines indicating markings, and that they are able to use line junctions to perceive line drawings as depicting three-dimensional objects in the picture plane. (Author)

Visual search has been studied extensively, yet little is known about how its constituent processes affect subsequent emotional evaluation of searched-for and searched-through items. In 3 experiments, the authors asked observers to locate a colored pattern or tinted face in an array of other patterns or faces. Shortly thereafter, either the target…

Visual discrimination tasks are increasingly used to explore the neurobiology of vision in rodents, but it remains unclear how the animals solve these tasks: Do they process shapes holistically, or by using low-level features such as luminance and angle acuity? In the present study we found that when discriminating triangles from squares, rats did…

Using normal adult readers, this study examined the relative involvement of magnocellular and parvocellular processes in reading English phonologically regular pseudowords and irregular words presented in isolation and in contiguity from left to right. The data showed that a low temporal frequency visual measure that implied more parvocellular…

An effective way to teach the concept of image is to give students a model of human vision which incorporates a simple mechanism of depth perception. In this study two almost identical versions of a curriculum in geometrical optics were created. One used a mechanistic, interpretive eye model, and in the other the eye was modeled as a passive,…

A discussion of the visual aspect of second-language reading processes proposes a theoretical model of reading and reports on research into the kinds of questions second-language students ask in class. The model of reading outlined is based on the operations of the human eye. Just as the operations of the lens (focus) change the picture at the…

Images express meaning through particular configurations of visual concepts. A distinguishing feature of discipline based art education is the use of visual imagery to transmit meaning to students. Discipline based art education incorporates concepts and skills from aesthetics, art criticism, art history, and art production and presents a unique…

THE VARIOUS PROCESSES AND CONTROLS INVOLVED IN THE VARIATION OF EYE MOVEMENTS ACCORDING TO READING MATERIAL ARE DISCUSSED. RELEVANT RESEARCH LITERATURE IS CITED, AND AREAS REQUIRING ADDITIONAL RESEARCH ARE OUTLINED. LANGUAGE TEXT CONTROL AND THE CENTRAL NERVOUS SYSTEM AS POSSIBLE LOCI OF CONTROL FOR EYE MOVEMENTS ARE EXPLORED. EVIDENCE SUPPORTING…

This study examines the effect of an entering behavior, i.e., the level of general knowledge of the subject matter, on the instructional effectiveness of illustrations which integrate abstract and realistic visualization. Subjects were 414 public school students who were divided into three groups according to their general level of knowledge of…

The purpose of this study was to see if a relationship between color sensitivity and skin pigmentation would affect performance on the WISC block design subtest when both the standard red/white design and the blue/yellow design were used. It was hypothesized that the white children would perform better overall because black children have been…