This paper reports the major findings and interprets the results of longitudinal and cross-sectional exPeriments concerning the development of visual accommodation in infants 1 to 3 months of age. The stimulus was a high-contrast, random checkerboard which was presented at three different distances from the infants (25, 50 or 100 cm). The physical…

Perception has become an important term in recent literature on reading problems and their solutions. However, the relationship between perception and reading has not been clarified. Tests of visual perception often focus on skills such as copying geometric designs which have little or nothing to do with reading skills or readiness. Researchers…

Greater understanding of reading can come about only after more basic reading research has been accomplished. Basic research should focus on what constitutes good reading, which means that the type of research that will identify characteristics of good reading must be a detailed assessment of variable effects on reading behaviors (not whether…

Recent research has confirmed that hemispheric patterns of dominance are related to reading skills. Reading is more complex than speech because it includes a visuo-spatial element. In the great majority of people, the left hemisphere deals with speech and sequencing skills. Visual matching of printed words requires the spatial skills of the right…

The proceedings of the first national conference on visual literacy held in Rochester, New York (March 23-6, 1969) contain papers describing the concept of visual literacy (defined as vision competencies of integrating and interpreting sensory experiences fundamental to learning and communication). Related research is explored in areas such as…

Chapter 1 of this report, "Introduction and General Recommendations for Eye-Movement Research and Instrumentation," discusses research priorities; encouraging and supporting theories, models, or simulations of information processing; and improved instrumentation in the field of visual information processing. Chapter 2, "Summary of…

This book brings together papers presented at a conference on early experience and visual information processing in perceptual and reading disorders sponsored by the National Academy of Sciences. The goal of the conference was to integrate basic knowledge of structure and mechanisms of eye and brain with their function and their behavioral roles…

Under the impact of electronic immediacy the world is being reorganized in sensory terms toward the primacy of the audile-tactile. In the educational system, emphasis remains on traditional methods of logical (visual) and sequential learning. The effect on literature is an increased interest in the spoken, as opposed to the written word. Through…

The relationship between learning style (impulsivity-constriction and stability-anxiety), reading scores, and scanning performance was investigated. Twenty high school students enrolled in a precollege reading and study skills program participated in an 80-trial (10-session) scanning experiment. The task involved searching for a target sentence…

An account of the sessions of the twenty-seventh annual School Vision Forum and Reading Conference is included in this issue. Contents consist of the reports of the following sessions: A School Program Focused on Learning Rather Than Teaching; What Psychologists Can Contribute to Educators and Optometrists; Perceptual Clairvoyance; Empowering the…

This volume suggests not only that the reading process is more complex than previously assumed but that, like so many other cognitive and linguistic skills, the richness and depth of the complexity increase the more closely it is examined. Each chapter focuses upon various aspects of the reading process and provides for possible innovations and…

Provided is a collection of presentations from a conference for ophthalmologists, optometrists, and educators meeting to exchange their concerns and share knowledge on various types of sensory handicaps of deaf blind children. The conference is seen as an introduction to the needs of deaf blind children and to the importance of stating diagnostic…

Thirty-five research abstracts cover instructional technology in the following areas: (1) its application to elementary education, medical education, music reading skills, teacher education, college biology, and college student attitudes; (2) an evaluation of various university instructional technology graduate programs; and (3) its cost…

Some basic pattern-analyzing functions that occur during the reading process are described in this paper. The functions deal mainly with the analysis of typographical factors such as word shape, spacing, and orientation, but they also interact with contextual variables. The research interpreted in the paper proposes an attentional model of reading…

Presented are ten papers given at a 1974 conference focusing on realistic goals for serving learning disabled children in the decade ahead. Papers have the following titles and authors: "Introduction and Overview of the Problem of the Conference" (W. Cruickshank); "Concepts of Vision in Relation to Perception" (G. Getman); "Motor Activities and…