Learning from visual representations is enhanced when learners appropriately integrate corresponding visual and verbal information. This study examined the effects of two methods of promoting integration, color coding and labeling, on learning about probabilistic reasoning from a table and text. Undergraduate students (N = 98) were randomly…

Advocates of modality preference posit that individuals have a dominant sense and that when new material is presented in this preferred modality, learning is enhanced. Despite the widespread belief in this position, there is little supporting evidence. In the present study, the authors implemented a Morse code-like recall task to examine whether…

Results of an examination of recognition memory in typically-developing 6- and 9-month-old infants using the Visual Paired-Comparison task show that infants of both ages display a novelty preference when the delay interval is 10 seconds or 5 minutes. After 1 month, younger infants performed at chance levels and older ones looked longer at the…

Is the perception of velocity determined by the prior discrimination of spatial and temporal distances? Two experiments sought to answer this question by comparing the discriminabilities of moving stimuli varied in spatial extent, temporal duration, or in redundant combinations of both variables. (Editor)

To investigate the possible cue (stimulus) as opposed to motivational functions of drive and reward, this study assessed the effects of problem difficulty, reward magnitude, and drive level on the performance of rats in visual discrimination tasks entailing both choice and speed measures. (Editor/RK)

Wariness did not set in gradually over a period of time but, on the contrary, was found in its fully developed form at 9 months, having been completely absent at 8 months. (Authors/MB)

Eye movement of nonreaders (kindergarten subjects) and readers (third-grade subjects) were measured during a visual discrimination task involving matched and unmatched pairs of four-letter pseudowords. Both quantitative and qualitative analyses support the conclusion that the development of perceptual strategies is a direct result of increasing…

Investigates the experimental treatments (scanning practice and perceptual training-drawing) developed by Salome and Szeto, 1976, in an attempt to determine the training effects upon students' representational drawing performances. (Author/RK)

This paper reviewed briefly the major types of masking effects obtained with various methods and the major theories or models that have been proposed to account for these effects, and outlined a three-mechanism model of visual pattern masking based on psychophysical and neurophysiological properties of the visual system. (Author/RK)

A series of experiments tested a recent suggestion that vertical symmetry of a stimulus display can serve as a visual diagnostic for responding "same" in a letter-matching task. The data of chief interest were same reaction times to vertically symmetric (e.g., AA) and asymmetric (e.g., LL) displays, each composed of two side-by-side uppercase…

The experiments reported here are aimed at exploring in more detail the possibility that context can improve perception itself. In particular, they are concerned with clarifying the conditions under which context might aid perception and with localizing the stage of processing at which context would have its effects. (Author)

The response times of 32 process schizophrenics and 16 nonhospitalized controls were compared on three visual search tasks. Results suggest that process schizophrenics are not abnormally slow when extracting information from visual displays, and they appear to perform similar operations and strategies to those of normals when doing so. (Editor/RK)

Investigation indicates that perceptual inadequacy must be controlled in studies that utilize ambiguous, novel or nonsense designs in stimulus materials. (Authors)

For the age range tested there is a lag between the perception and production of certain facial expressions. (Authors)

Cumulative evidence obtained from this and other studies suggests that perceptual training to attend to shape and object contours will affect representational drawing. (Authors/MB)