Through a study of collaborative writing at a student advocacy nonprofit, this article explores how writers distribute their text planning across tools, artifacts, and gestures, with a particular focus on how embodied representations of texts are present in text planning. Findings indicate that these and other representations generated by the…

Student teachers are most often provided opportunities for observing, then engaging directly in teaching during the student-teaching phase of their program. The ability to "notice" nuanced communication techniques, and identify interrelated methods and simultaneous skills occurring during teaching coincides with the development of the…