The relationship between moral judgment and moral actions as Kohlberg defined it is extended to include more comprehensive social psychological factors. (Author/BB)

This literature review examines the potential of selective recall for assessing level of moral reasoning. Rest's Defining Issues Test was administered to five individuals to test the applicability of certain principles of selective recall in assessing moral reasoning. (IAH)

Studied the emotional attributions which 60 children aged four-eight gave to a story figure who violated a moral rule. Results suggested a clear change from outcome-oriented toward morally oriented attributions to a moral wrongdoer between the different age groups. (RJC)

Investigated 3-, 5-, and 7-year-olds' and adults' integration of information about intentions, acts, and outcomes in moral judgments of psychological harm. Found that participants at all ages judged it wrong to inflict fear or embarrassment on unwilling participants. Younger children tended to use outcome rules when assigning punishment; older…

In this study, reasoning about moral responsibilities in friendships on the part of 97 subjects was assessed at the ages of 7, 9, 12, and 15 years. Assessment was undertaken of: (1) general reasoning about the moral obligation of promise keeping; (2) general reasoning about responsibilities in friendship; and (3) situation-specific reasoning about…

A study was made of aspects of Italian children's moral behavior and moral reasoning in equity and non-equity situations. Subjects were male and female children of low socioeconomic status who were between the approximate ages of 8.5 and 10.5 years. Groups of four children were formed to include subjects of various sociometric status: one high,…

Children's increasing use of intentions and motives and decreasing use of outcomes to morally evaluate action are perhaps the most researched phenomena in moral cognition. However, relatively little is known about the acquisition of the ability to make moral evaluations and the processes involved. Based on the assumption that children's…

Administered a test of moral judgment to a group of 30 graduate students with no previous counseling experience who were enrolled in an introductory counseling course. Found high moral development group was superior to a low moral development group in the demonstration of empathy on a counseling tape. (Author/ABL)

Examined is Carol Gilligan's thesis that men and women use different moral languages to resolve moral dilemmas, i.e., women speak a language of caring and responsibility, and men speak a language of rights and justice. Her thesis is not grounded with adequate philosophical assumptions. (Author/RM)

This study tried to systematically encourage the structure of moral judgment of adults toward change. The moral stage of subjects was measured before and after the treatment, a course in human sexuality. Results indicate that moral judgment can change during adulthood. (AM)

Proposes a model of moral judgment that builds on Lawrence Kohlberg's core assumptions. Addresses the concerns that have surfaced related to Kohlberg's work in moral judgment. Presents an overview of this model using Kohlberg's basic starting points, ideas from cognitive science, and developments in moral philosophy. (CMK)

The literature on the use of moral discussion groups to promote moral development in young people with behavior disorders is reviewed, and the use of the intervention is analyzed. Limitations and recommendations for applying the approach are discussed. (MSE)

Argues that achieving the objectives of moral education (e.g., enabling students to learn how to govern themselves and exercise moral autonomy) requires consideration of both subjective and objective aspects of moral matters. Discusses Mordecai Nisan's concept of moral balance, with respect to conflict resolution. Applies the model in a discussion…

Male and female college administrators in Taiwan were surveyed for their responses to a selection of moral dilemmas. These responses were then scored for comparison purposes according to three models: (1) Kohlberg's theory of moral development; (2) Gilligan's proposed ethic of care and responsibility; and (3) Mennuti's (1987) discovery of a…

At age 13, and for the next 20 years, male subjects were periodically interviewed about their moral judgments. Adolescents with mature use of defense mechanisms reasoned at higher stages of moral judgment 10 to 20 years after the initial interview than did those with immature use of defense mechanisms. (BC)