Effective face-to-face (F2F) classroom discussions are those in which learners discover and explore dissonance or inconsistency among themselves. The learners are the ones asking and answering the questions with the instructors serving as guides on the side. Laughter emanates from these noisy discussions and as the semester progresses, friendships…

The purpose of this quasi-experimental, non-equivalent control-group design study was to examine and measure the impact of the opportunity to receive synchronous weekly instructor content on online students' sense of community, social connectedness, and perceived learning. The population for this study consisted of first-year undergraduate…