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The Etiology of Science Performance: Decreasing Heritability and Increasing Importance of the Shared Environment from 9 to 12 Years of Age
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Haworth, Claire M. A.; Dale, Philip S.; Plomin, Robert – Child Development, 2009
During childhood and adolescence, increases in heritability and decreases in shared environmental influences have typically been found for cognitive abilities. A sample of more than 2,500 pairs of twins from the Twins Early Development Study was used to investigate whether a similar pattern would be found for science performance from 9 to 12…
Descriptors: Twins, Etiology, Environmental Influences, Cognitive Ability
Activity Level and Hyperactivity in Twins
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Willerman, Lee – Child Development, 1973
Results indicate a significant genetic component for activity level in twins rivaling that found for intelligence. (Author)
Descriptors: Heredity, Hyperactivity, Physical Activity Level, Questionnaires
Neonatal Temperament in Monozygotic and Dizygotic Twin Pairs.
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Reise, Marilyn L. – Child Development, 1990
Findings indicated that zygosity was not related to behavioral scores during the neonatal period, and that environment substantially influenced neonatal temperament. Specific perinatal indicators of risk were found to account for some of the intrapair differences in behavioral variables. (RH)
Descriptors: At Risk Persons, Comparative Analysis, Environment, Heredity
Masculinity and Femininity in Twin Children: Genetic and Environmental Factors.
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Mitchell, Jane E.; And Others – Child Development, 1989
Explored the roles of genes and environment in masculinity and femininity during pre- and early adolescence in 70 twins of 8-14 years. Results revealed significant genetic influences in all measures. Environmental influences were specific to each individual and not shared by members of the same twin pair. (RJC)
Descriptors: Adolescents, Femininity, Heredity, Individual Differences
Genetic Change and Continuity from Fourteen to Twenty Months: The MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study.
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Plomin, Robert; And Others – Child Development, 1993
Investigated genetic change and continuity within the domains of temperament, emotion, and cognition and language for 200 pairs of twins assessed at 14 and 20 months of age. Correlations of measures at the two ages indicated that individual differences in the second year of life showed greater change than continuity on most measures. (MDM)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Cognitive Development, Genetics, Heredity
Genetic Influences on Perceptions of Childhood Family Environment: A Reared Apart Twin Study.
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Hur, Yoon-Mi; Bouchard, Thomas J., Jr. – Child Development, 1995
Estimates the extent to which heredity influences perceptions of childhood family environment in a sample of 58 monozygotic and 46 dizygotic pairs of adult twins who were reared apart. The data confirm the importance of genetic factors in some, but not all, measures of family environment. Environmental influences were more important than genetic…
Descriptors: Adults, Child Rearing, Comparative Analysis, Family Environment
Bayley's Infant Behavior Record: Behavioral Components and Twin Analyses.
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Matheny, Adam P., Jr. – Child Development, 1980
Factor analysis of 25 rating scales from Bayley's infant behavior record were performed for a sample of about 300-400 infant twins tested one or more times between 3 and 24 months of age. The analyses provided five major and two minor factors that were considerably consistent at all ages. (Author/DB)
Descriptors: Affective Behavior, Age Differences, Auditory Perception, Factor Analysis