The purpose of this meta-analysis was to assess the overall effects of automaticity training of fundamental literacy component skills (i.e., letter names/sounds, individual words) on reading fluency and comprehension. Another purpose was to assess if the effects of automaticity training varied for reading fluency and comprehension. We identified…

In three experiments, we compared the effectiveness of rainbow writing and retrieval practice, two common methods of spelling instruction. In experiment 1 (n = 14), second graders completed 2 days of spelling practice, followed by spelling tests 1 day and 5 weeks later. A repeated measures analysis of variance demonstrated that spelling accuracy…

The purpose of this study was to determine how teachers in an urban school district implemented Comprehensive Literacy Improvement Program (CLIP) and balanced literacy framework in second through fifth grade classrooms by exploring the evidence of implementation of guided reading strategies. Instructional delivery, training methodology, phonemic…

High levels of physical inactivity are evident among many American children. To address this problem, providing physical activity (PA) during the school day within the CSPAP framework, is one strategy to increase children's PA. Thus, the purpose of this study was to examine the effects of a classroom-based PA program on children's PA. Two hundred…

The present study evaluates the effect of a classroom-based behavioral intervention package to improve Japanese elementary school children's sitting posture in regular classrooms (N = 68). This study uses a multiple-baseline design across two classrooms with a modified repeated reversal within each class. The article defines appropriate sitting…

Assesses the effectiveness of training procedures focusing on the acquisition of memory knowledge for 58 second graders. Explicit and implicit training groups were superior to a practice control in recall performance, category organization during study and recall, and metamemory concerning organization as a strategy. (RJC)

Offers strategies for teaching students in all grades self-regulation skills for the purposes of behavior change. Discusses the importance of facilitating generalization, components of self-regulation, steps of self-regulation, selecting a target behavior, graphing and record keeping, and benefits and potential of teaching self-regulation skills.…

The purpose of this study was to modify the conceptual tempo (response style on a reflective-impulsive dimension) by training impulsive children to increase their response latency or by teaching more effective search strategies and scanning techniques. Subjects were 169 second graders from two lower class area schools. Each subject was assigned to…

Research in the area of handwriting legibility has been hampered in the past because of a lack of objective procedures for evaluating letter formations. This study used a recently developed evaluative instrument to answer questions concerning the legibility of the handwriting of 22 first-grade students. Two baseline conditions and four…

The effectiveness of short-term training on two communication tasks was assessed with seven and one-half olds. Twelve subjects were trained in trios for six sessions on tasks requiring complete description of a design for a listener to reproduce, and tasks requiring communication of critical information for a listener to discriminate the same…

This study with a second-grade child with multiple disabilities in an inclusive setting applied (1) self-management instruction, (2) generalization methodologies (general case programming and multiple exemplars), and (3) a high level of teacher involvement in designing and monitoring the self-management plan. Implications for researchers and…

Recent research has shown that when individuals hear an impoverished, atypical, or disorganized story and are asked to recall it, they can and do produce a canonical version of it. To determine if this "strategic" manipulation of story structure undergoes developmental changes, two experiments were conducted using second and sixth grade children…

This project paper reports the interobserver agreements and reliabilities for the observation procedures used in the Descriptive Study of Phase IV of the Individually Guided Education Evaluation Project. Only data from four observers--at the two Developing Mathematical Processes Schools and the two Wisconsin Design for Reading Skills Development…

The effects of three experimental treatments on second and third grade, disadvantaged and nondisadvantaged children's choices between an immediate smaller and deferred larger reward were investigated in a 2 x 3 factorial design. In one condition, subjects were required to earn the larger reinforcement by working during the delay period. A second…