In the early years, it has become essential to support the acquisition of computational thinking, which is seen as a 21st-century skill and new literacy. A valid and reliable measurement tool is needed to develop and evaluate educational practices related to these skills. "TechCheck" is a validated unplugged assessment of computational…

Computational thinking (CT) is widely recognized as a fundamental skill in the information age. However, within the context of Chinese early childhood education (ECE), CT remains underrepresented, with a notable gap in the availability of developmentally appropriate and rigorously validated assessment tools designed specifically for…

Computational thinking (CT) is regarded as a valuable skill set for the students of the 21st century, fostering problem-solving skills applicable to academic disciplines and everyday problems. Assessing CT involves evaluating the development of its concepts, practices, and perspectives. However, establishing comprehensive and validated assessments…

In this study, it was aimed to translate and adapt the Computational Thinking Multidimensional Test (CTMT) developed by Kang et al. (2023) into Turkish and to investigate its psychometric qualities with Turkish university students. Following the translation procedures of the CTMT with 12 multiple-choice questions developed based on real-life…

This study aims to develop and validate an age-appropriate, easily manipulated, and robot-based assessment named Computational Thinking Observational Scale (CTOS) for 3- to 5-year-olds. The study sample included 46 preschoolers (M[subscript age] = 3.57 years, SD = 0.36). Expert judgment confirmed excellent content validity, yielding a Scale-level…

Computational thinking (CT) is a multidimensional term that encompasses a wide variety of problem-solving skills related to the field of computer science. Unfortunately, standardized, valid, and reliable methods to assess CT skills in preschool children are lacking, compromising the reliability of the results reported in CT interventions. To…

In the context of digital technologies, computational thinking (CT) is considered a key competence of primary school teachers. However, assessment tools to measure in-service teachers' CT competence are rare. The current study explains the design, development, and validation of a scale to determine the in-service teachers' mastery level of their…

A theoretical model describing Grade 7 students' rational number sense was formulated and validated empirically (n = 360), hypothesizing that rational number sense is a general construct consisting of three factors: basic rational number sense, arithmetic sense, and flexibility with rational numbers. Data analysis suggested that rational-number…

This study describes the development and validation process of a computational thinking (CT) test for adults. The team designed a set of items and explored a subset of those through two qualitative pilots. Then, in order to provide validity evidence based on the test content, a team of 11 subject-matter experts coded the initial pool of items…

Computational thinking (CT) in young children has recently gained attention. This study verified the applicability of the Korean version of the Bebras cards and TACTIC-KIBO in measuring CT among young children in South Korea. A total of 450 children responded to the Bebras cards, TACTIC-KIBO, and Early Numeracy tasks that were used for the…

Research Purpose and Contribution: The study aimed to construct an evaluation framework for assessing pupils' computational thinking (CT) during classroom learning problem solving. As a self-report evaluation scale for pupils, this evaluation framework further enriched the CT assessment instruments for pupils and provided a specialized instrument…

With the increasing importance of Computational Thinking (CT) at all levels of education, it is essential to have valid and reliable assessments. Currently, there is a lack of such assessments in upper primary school. That is why we present the development and validation of the competent CT test (cCTt), an unplugged CT test targeting 7-9 year-old…

In recent years, computational thinking has been considered as one of the 21st century skills that all students should have. Researchers emphasize the importance of determining and developing students' computational thinking levels from the earliest possible age. However, no measurement tool has been found in the literature that aims to reveal the…

The purpose of this study was to adapt the computational thinking scale developed by Tsai, Liang and Hsu (2021) into Turkish in order to determine the computational thinking skill levels of secondary school students according to such basic elements defined by Selby and Woollard (2013) as abstraction, decomposition, algorithmic thinking, evaluation…

Background and Context: There is a need for early childhood assessments of computational thinking (CT). However, there is not consensus on a guiding framework, definition, or set of proxies in which to measure CT. We are addressing this problem by using Evidence Centered Design (ECD) to develop an assessment of kindergarten-aged children's CT.…