In the 21st century, the ability to engage in creative thinking is of paramount importance. This study aims to explore the students' creative thinking skills after engaging in learning using Problem-based Learning combined with Digital Mind Mapping [PBL-DMM]. The study was conducted using a quasi-experimental method involving 120 Senior High…

Environmental pollution is a critical issue that requires students to develop strong reasoning and problem-solving skills to understand and address its complexities. However, traditional learning models are not optimal in fostering high-level thinking skills. This study aimed to determine the effect of the PBL-STEM model on deductive, inductive,…

The growing awareness of the increasingly complex environmental changes requires an educational approach that fosters critical thinking. Through the implementation of PBL, students will gain a deeper understanding and develop an attitude of environmental care, particularly towards their surroundings. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness…

Entrepreneurship project-based learning model on the problem-solving skills of Biology Education study. This study aims to describe the structural correlation construction of creative thinking skills, problem-solving skills, and entrepreneurial self-efficacy among biology education students in East Java. The population in this study was…

Student's critical thinking skills that are currently still low are important to develop because they affect the way students think in solving problems. The problem-based learning model with the inquiry method used to help improve student's critical thinking skills. The iSpring learning media used can help students understand the material. The…

Critical thinking skills are needed to face the challenges of living in the 21st century. Education must be able to foster students' critical thinking and enable them to think independently. This study aims to investigate the development of students' critical thinking skills during the learning process using an e-module based on problem-based…

Problem-based learning (PBL) has been widely applied as an alternative to improve learning outcomes, but it is still little studied in the context of the probability theory course. This study described how implementing the PBL model improves students' problem-solving and critical thinking skills in probability theory course and evaluates its…

The advent of digital technology has brought about a transformation in the field of education, from traditional face-to-face learning to distance learning. Despite this shift, it is important to prioritize the development of STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, and Math) students' critical thinking (CT) abilities as an essential skill for…

This study aimed to comparatively analyse the effects of problem-based learning model (PBLM) on cognitive outputs (CO). The study reviewed quasi-experimental studies on PBLM and CO, focusing on the cognitive outputs of thinking skills, problem-solving skill, and academic achievement. The quantitative data of these studies, comprising 56 articles…

This study aims to identify publication trends and recommendations for problem-based science learning research in elementary schools. We used a mixed-methods research design in which descriptive, qualitative, and bibliometric analyses were used to look at the data. We selected the sample by using the purposive sampling technique. Secondary data…

This study aims to examine the effect of the Challenge based learning model on Critical thinking skills and learning outcomes in History learning. This research type is a quasi-experimental design with a Pretest-Posttest Non-Equivalent Control Group. The population were students of class X IPA 1, X IPA 2, X IPA 3, X IPA 4 and X IPA 5 at SMA…

This research aims to demonstrate the results of an experiment on how the Problem-Based Social Constructivism Learning Model (PBSCL) can be developed to effectively promote Higher-Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) among primary school children. The methodology employed in this study was developmental research which involved thorough preliminary…

The ability to think critically in the 21st century is a skill that must be possessed by every individual. This study, uses a UbD-based problem-based learning model with a conventional learning model to see which learning model has more influence on the critical thinking ability of grade IV students in science subjects. The UbD approach was chosen…

Background/purpose: This study aims to improve students' mathematical critical-numeracy thinking skills by applying the Problem-Based Learning-Autograph model. Materials/methods: This study used a mixed method with a sequential explanatory strategy, and the research design is a one-group pretest-posttest design. The population included students…

Creative thinking skills are recognised 21 century skills. This study aimed to determine whether students' creative thinking skills in biochemistry courses are improved through scaffolding-based problem-based learning. The study employed a mixed methods approach with a sample of 113 chemistry education programme students at Jambi University. An…