Redundancy in language reduces the possiblity of error and permits communication where there is interference in the communicating channel. The relationship between creativity (the basic distinction between language-like behavior and knowing a language) and redundancy has been clearly established. Knowledge of rules is the key factor in creativity…

This publication is a collection of two hundred sixty-five objectives and evaluation items for mathematics grades seven through nine. The objectives and measurement items were developed by the Instructional Objectives Exchange (IOX) staff and formulated from curricular material submitted by teachers, schools, and school districts. At present,…

This collection contains one hundred seventy-four objectives and evaluation items for mathematics grades kindergarten through three. The objectives and measurement items were developed by the Instructional Objectives Exchange (IOX) staff and formulated from curricular material submitted by teachers, schools, and school districts. To date, these…

Two Colorado teachers' attempts to individualize mathematics instruction in grades 7 and 9 in small schools are reviewed. The seventh-grade teacher utilized multi-level textbooks in individualizing instruction. The results of the program were evaluated by the California Arithmetic Test. Grade placement for reasoning and mathematics fundamentals…

It was theorized that an answer-until-correct procedure, whereby an examinee marks responses to each multiple-choice question until feedback indicates that the correct answer has been marked, would yield scores of greater reliability and validity than conventional number-right procedure. Two papers and an application exercise for an undergraduate…

A questionnaire designed to assess the practice of charging special fees for counseling, testing, and outreach programs as well as the perceptions of counseling center directors on the fee issue was sent to 281 Directors of college and university counseling centers. Two hundred and twenty-five (80%) were returned. The results indicated that…

Chapter 1 highlights the work of the International Commission on the Teaching of Mathematics, the National Committee on Mathematical Requirements, and the College Entrance Examination Board. Modifications in the arithmetic and algebra curricula are discussed at some length and changes in the geometry curriculum are indicated. Following a reprint…

The author reviews the literature on vocational development with an emphasis on instruments which measure vocational maturity. This study examines differences in the vocational maturity of women across different levels of internal-external (I-E) control and typical versus atypical vocational choice. The study made the following predictions: (1)…

The primary goal of this study was to develop an instrument for measuring students' attitudes toward geometry at both the middle-school and the high-school levels. Sample items were solicited from both professional educators and students; from these, 67 pairs of Likert-type statements were created. These statements were tested for…

The articles in this journal relate the conference experience at the 1972 Minnesota National Council of Teachers of English (NCTE) Seminar on Research in English Education. Articles include "The New Research" by Peter S Rosenbaum (discussing the influence of the seminar experience and how it can precipitate new research); "Research…

A study of informal, teacher-generated testing activities is presented. The following major topics are covered: (1) frequency of informal achievement testing as related to test learning (2) informal achievement test grades in relation to testing as a learning device, (3) test correction with respect to informal achievement testing as a learning…

The present paper outlines two alternative strategies for evaluating teaching effectiveness. These are: (1) within-subject reversal designs, and (2) multiple baseline testing procedures. Each design is discussed in terms of its application to research problems in higher education. In reversal designs, the student is exposed to different teaching…

The purpose of this study was to relate Piaget-type tests to Stanford-Binet Mental Age and IQ, to IQ on the California Test of Mental Maturity, and to performance on the Metropolitan Achievement Test. Subjects were 143 children of bright, average, and retarded psychometric abilities; bright and average children were chronologically aged five to…

It has been argued that item variance and test variance are not necessary characteristics for criterion-referenced tests, although they are necessary for norm-referenced tests. This position is in error because it considers sample statistics as the criteria for evaluating items and tests. Within a particular sample, an item or test may have no…

The objective was to improve procedures for selecting entrants with better potential for (a) completing the Coast Guard Academy and (b) remaining on active duty after graduation beyond the mandatory five-year period. Stepwise multiple regression was applied to the information on 10 instruments to develop equations for predicting graduation. Five…