Study was designed to provide some indication as to whether the gain in test reliability from confidence scoring results from relevant or irrelevant sources. If the increase in reliability is the result of a gambling response style, it is conceivable that validity could actually decrease even though reliability is increased. (Authors/CB)

Paper analyzes additive variance in such a fashion that it supports both a theory of types and a cognitive-frustration theory of behavior in the development of tests designed to assess mental disturbance'' versus normality'' amongst college students. (Author)

For the principles studied here, poor item-writing practices serve to obscure (or attentuate) differences between good and poor students. (Authors)

The Psychiatric Evaluation Form is a new rating scale designed to record scaled judgments of a subject's functioning during a 1-week period. (Author)

Describes validation procedures used with an individually administered test involving a branching program format to assess students level of cognitive achievement in biology. Reports results of comparisons of classes of teachers with BSCS or non-BSCS backgrounds. (AL)

This study investigated the reliability and validity of the Philosophical Belief Inventory (PBI). With the exception of the relationship between idealism and pragmatism and realism and existentialism, the PBI scales appear to be assessing independent facets of belief. (Author)

Presents the procedures, results, and conclusions of a study designed to determine the development of the intellectual skills needed for understanding of the nature of scientific enquiry by BSCS pupils in Israel. (LC)