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Download full textSkinner, Rebecca R.; Lomax, Erin – Congressional Research Service, 2017
Federal education legislation continues to emphasize the role of assessment in elementary and secondary schools. Perhaps most prominently, the Elementary and Secondary Education Act (ESEA), as amended by the Every Student Succeeds Act (ESSA; P.L. 114-95), requires the use of test-based educational accountability systems in states and specifies the…
Descriptors: Educational Assessment, Educational Legislation, Elementary Secondary Education, Federal Legislation
Kane, Michael T. – 1990
The literature on validity provides much more guidance on how to collect various kinds of validity evidence than it does on which kinds of evidence to collect in specific cases. An argument-based approach to validation redresses the balance by linking the kinds of evidence needed to validate a test-score interpretation to the details of the…
Descriptors: Evaluation Methods, Formative Evaluation, Inferences, Models
