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Direct linkPasquale Anselmi; Jürgen Heller; Luca Stefanutti; Egidio Robusto; Giulia Barillari – Education and Information Technologies, 2025
Competence-based test development (CbTD) is a novel method for constructing tests that are as informative as possible about the competence state (the set of skills an individual masters) underlying the item responses. If desired, the tests can also be minimal, meaning that no item can be eliminated without reducing their informativeness. To…
Descriptors: Competency Based Education, Test Construction, Test Length, Usability
Yan, Xun; Kim, Ha Ram; Kim, Ji Young – Language Testing, 2021
Speech fluency has been extensively researched as a core construct for second language (L2) speaking assessment. Despite the broad consensus on its multifaceted nature, few researchers have empirically explored the dimensionality of this construct. Operationalizations of fluency vary across research and practice, using both holistic and…
Descriptors: Language Fluency, Language Tests, Accuracy, Speech Communication
