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Andersen, Martin S.; Makransky, Guido – Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2021
Measuring cognitive load is important in virtual learning environments (VLE). Thus, valid and reliable measures of cognitive load are important to support instructional design in VLE. Through three studies, we investigated the validity and reliability of Leppink's Cognitive Load Scale (CLS) and developed the extraneous cognitive load (EL)…
Descriptors: Test Construction, Test Validity, Test Reliability, Cognitive Processes
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Chang, Wen-Hui; Liu, Yuan-Chen; Huang, Tzu-Hua – Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 2017
The purpose of this study is to develop a multi-dimensional scale to measure students' awareness of key competencies for M-learning and to test its reliability and validity. The Key Competencies of Mobile Learning Scale (KCMLS) was determined via confirmatory factor analysis to have four dimensions: team collaboration, creative thinking, critical…
Descriptors: Test Construction, Multidimensional Scaling, Electronic Learning, Test Reliability