Freshmen (N=202) took two batteries of aptitude tests 10 months apart. Six pairs of tests were studied. Two pairs were identical, two were parallel, and two were completely different. This design made it possible to separate three components of practice: (a) general test sophistication, (b) specific practice effect, and (c) item familiarization.…

This article emphasizes identifying for the practitioner those qualities of situations and individuals which have been shown to have major effects on performance in testing situations. Recommendations for testing practices are made, and the dangers inherent in acceptance of test results as the sole basis for personnel decisions are pointed out.…

Super's Work Values Inventory is utilized in making interindividual and intraindividual comparative interpretations of work values. Internal consistency reliability coefficients for 15 scales and reliabilities of differences between scores on scales were of such a weak magnitude that caution in making interindividual and intrindividual comparisons…

Test papers of seventh-grade examinees were scored using students' initial responses, then rescored using their final responses on a subtest of the Metropolitan Achievement Test. Results indicate that reliability coefficients and item discriminations are not adversely affected by examinee response changes. (Author)

Discusses two types of test bias: the sex bias found in interest inventories and certain standardized achievement tests; and cultural bias found in some standardized intelligence tests. (HMV)

The author discusses three methodological obstacles to the effective measurement of career maturity. These are: (1) linear versus nonlinear time functions; (2) longitudinal versus cross-sectional developmental data collection designs; and (3) maturational versus error variance on the estimation of test-retest reliability. (RP)