The purpose of this study was to construct a higher-order thinking test of science for pre-service elementary school teachers. The test was created using the ADDIE model. The analysis stage was carried out by identifying the needs and baseline of higher-order thinking skills of students from the department of primary School Teacher education in…

Researchers design diagnostic assessments to measure students' knowledge structures and processing skills to provide information about their cognitive attribute. The purpose of this study is to determine the instrument's validity and score reliability, as well as to investigate the use of classical test theory to identify item characteristics. The…

This cognitive interview study aims to improve the content validity of a newly developed reading motivation instrument for English learners. Previous research has shown there is a significant need for survey developers to conduct cognitive interviews to ensure that in real world settings survey respondents interpret the items as the framers…

This study focuses on developing the new level of scientific argumentation skills and new items that are feasible and valid for used. There are 195 science students at Islamic State School 1 (MAN 1) Yogyakarta as participant in this study. Random sampling technique was used from the three schools of Islamis State School (MAN) in Yogyakarta,…

The aim of the present study is to develop a national non-verbal cognitive ability test in Turkey. Test items were developed during the first stage and applied as a pilot study on 3,073 children in the age interval of 4 to 13. The test was given its final form based on the values of item difficulty, item distinctiveness, item total score…

The discovery and characterisation of planets orbiting distant stars has shed light on the origin of our own Solar System. It is important that college-level introductory astronomy students have a general understanding of the planet formation process before they are able to draw parallels between extrasolar systems and our own Solar System. In…

The number of teacher candidates is increasing as a result of the excessive quotas given to departments that train teacher candidates and the right to teach different branches with pedagogical formation certificates. Therefore it becomes compulsory to hold selection exams in teacher appointments. The exams carried out during this selection process…

Higher-order thinking skills (HOTs) are very crucial thinking skills needed by teachers to train students to develop 21st-century learning. This study aimed to develop Multiple Choice and Essay Questions to measure the HOTs of the prospective teachers of the elementary school education department. This study used a 4-D model by Thiagarajan which…

This study aimed at examining the quality of an English summative test of grade VII in a public school located in Kupang. Particularly, this study examined content validity, reliability, and conducted item analysis including item validity, item difficulty, item discrimination, and distracter effectiveness. This study was descriptive evaluative…

This study aims to report the development an instrument that is standardized (reviewed by validity, reliability, and difficulty index) to detect science misconception in an elementary school teacher. This study used a 4-D model; defining, designing, developing, and disseminating. First, it was prepared with 47 opened-ended questions, and then it…

Classroom practices, materials and teaching methods in language classes have changed a lot in the last decades and continue to evolve; however, the commonly used techniques to test students' foreign language skills have not changed much regardless of the recent awareness in Bloom's taxonomy. Testing units at schools rely mostly on multiple choice…

Concept inventories (CIs) are valuable tools for educators that assess student achievement and identify misconceptions held by students. Results of student responses can be used to adjust or develop new instructional methods for a given topic. The regulation of gene expression in both prokaryotes and eukaryotes is an important concept in genetics…

Assessment engineering is a new way to design and implement scalable, sustainable and ideally lower-cost solutions to the complexities of designing and developing tests. It represents a merger of sorts between cognitive task modeling and engineering design principles--a merger that requires some new thinking about the nature of score scales, item…

This study investigates the validity of a newly developed computerized cognitive assessment system (CCAS) that is equipped with rich multimedia to generate simulated testing situations and considers both test item difficulty and the test taker's ability. It is also hypothesized that better predictive validity of the CCAS in self-care of persons…

Violations of item unidimensionality on language tests produced distorted estimates of person ability, and violations of person unidimensionality produced distorted estimates of item difficulty. The Bejar Method was sensitive to such distortions. (Author)