This article studied two methods to detect mode effects in two credentialing exams. In Study 1, we used a "modal scale comparison approach," where the same pool of items was calibrated separately, without transformation, within two TC cohorts (TC1 and TC2) and one OP cohort (OP1) matched on their pool-based scale score distributions. The…

The growth of computer-based testing over the last two decades has motivated the creation of innovative item formats. It is often argued that technology-enhanced items (TEIs) provide better measurement of test-takers' knowledge, skills, and abilities by increasing the authenticity of tasks presented to test-takers (Sireci & Zenisky, 2006).…

Educators set restrictions in examinations to enable them to assess learning outcomes under particular conditions. The open book versus closed book binary is an example of the sorts of restrictions examiners have traditionally set. In the late 2000s this was expanded to a trinary to include open web examinations. However, the current technology…

Over the last 20 years, many methods have been proposed to use process data (e.g., response time) to detect changes in engagement during the test-taking process. However, many of these methods were developed and evaluated in highly similar testing contexts: 30 or more single-select multiple-choice items presented in a linear, fixed sequence in…

This study explored learners' experience in an online problem-based learning (PBL) Moodle class. Additionally, an assessment of the PBL approach in enhancing collaborative learning was done to evaluate its effectiveness in eLearning. Lastly, the researchers make recommendations for an effective adoption of PBL in Moodle. To achieve this, an…

In educational tests, a group of questions related to a shared stimulus is called a testlet (e.g., a reading passage with multiple related questions). Use of testlets is very common in educational tests. Additionally, computerized adaptive testing (CAT) is a mode of testing where the test forms are created in real time tailoring to the test…

Computer-based curriculum-based measurement (CBM) is a relatively common practice, but surprisingly few studies have examined the reliability of computer-based CBM. This study sought to examine the reliability of CBM administered via paper/pencil versus the computer. Twenty-one of 25 students in two third-grade classes (N = 21) participated in two…

Currently, 50 + learning systems supporting student question-generation (SQG) activities have been developed. While generating questions of different types is supported in many of these systems, systems allowing students to generate questions around a scenario (i.e. student testlet-generation, STG) are not yet available. Noting the increasing…

A challenging aspect of online education is assessment since academic integrity could be violated due to students' cheating behaviors. The current qualitative research investigated English teachers' perceptions of why students cheat in online assessments. Besides, it attempted to find strategies to reduce cheating in online assessments. Twelve…

Starting in April 2025, ACT will introduce enhanced forms of the ACT® test for national online testing, with a full rollout to all paper and online test takers in national, state and district, and international test administrations by Spring 2026. ACT introduced major updates by changing the test lengths and testing times, providing more time per…

This study examines the online assessment-evaluation activities in distance education processes. The effects of different online exam application styles considering the online assessment-evaluation in distance education processes, including all programs of a higher education institution, were documented. The population for online…

Purpose: This study examined the performance difference between remote and in-laboratory test modalities with a speech recognition in noise task in older and younger adults. Method: Four groups of participants (younger remote, younger in-laboratory, older remote, and older in-laboratory) were tested on a speech recognition in noise protocol with…

The Digital High Stakes Assessment Programme in Cambridge University Press & Assessment is developing digital assessments for UK and global teachers and learners. In one development, the team are making decisions about the assessment models to use to assess computing systems knowledge and understanding. This research took place as part of the…

This study is a follow-up to previous research conducted in 2012 on computer-assisted language testing (CALT) that applied a survey approach to investigate the use of technology in sign language testing worldwide. The goal of the current study was to replicate the 2012 study and to obtain updated information on the use of technology in sign…

Background: The sudden growth in online instruction due to COVID-19 restrictions has given renewed urgency to questions about remote learning that have remained unresolved. Web-based assessment software provides instructors an array of options for varying testing parameters, but the pedagogical impacts of some of these variations has yet to be…