Cultures determine identity in that they prescribe the "food, festivals, and fashion" of their members; for example, rap music, baggy pants and gestured dancing identify the hip hop culture (recognizable to both "members" and "non-members"). Cultural identities are created and maintained by "literacy"--the…

Followup materials from the 1982 conference "Higher Education for Women in the 1980s," held at San Jose State University, California, are presented. The contents include observer's comments (Barbara Charlesworth Gelpi); progress reports (Renee Kogel, Judith Stanley, Ruth Hafter, Pearl Oliner, Jane Gurko, and Lowell Walter); summaries of…

Language skill attrition refers to the loss of any language or portion of a language whether it be the declining use of mother tongue skills, the replacement of one language by another in language contact situations, the deterioration of language in the neurologically impaired or elderly, or the death of whole languages. In this paper, language…

This research-oriented document is designed to give teachers insights into many of the causes of instructional problems in mathematics and to enable teachers to plan instruction which will be more responsive to identified needs. Individual chapter authors synthesize mathematics research findings, which provide three functions: (1) to describe what…

In this paper, language teachers are urged to recognize the importance of adolescent psychology, and suggestions are given on how such knowledge can be used advantageously in reinforcing language learning and in teaching literature and cultural context. Parental attitudes toward education and language study and the reasons behind the choice of…

It is important for the Romanian language teacher to teach the language as a cultural entity, to convey the exact values of the language. If translation cannot be dropped entirely, it is very important for the student to accept what is typical and untranslatable in itself and to identify himself with the native speaker. Although every language has…

The subproject on world citizen responsibility, part of a larger project on social development and training, is summarized. Major objectives of the subproject are the following: (1) to construct, adapt, and test measuring methods to map the social development of student ideas and attitudes to foreign peoples and international relations; (2) to map…

Seventy-eight fourth grade children were randomly assigned to one of two evaluation groups. One group (self-evaluation) judged the correctness of their answers and reinforced themselves while the other group (other-evaluation) was judged and reinforced by some other person. Results showed that girls were significantly more responsible for failure…

The purpose of this study was to analyze the scores of groups who were instructed by two individualized instructional methods on characteristics hypothesized as being related to the instructional treatments. The instructional treatments consisted of a prescriptive method based upon behavioristic theory and a personalized method based upon…

In this study, a teaching method stressing the learner's perceptual development was prepared for the purpose of teaching beginning handwriting to children. During a school year, 324 first-graders were guided to examine the formational processes of handwriting, to describe the correct procedures orally, to check their own procedures against the…

This document articulates a philosophy of language arts that is based on the teacher's recognition of the need for an idividualized rate of growth for each child. Writing is presented as a personal and practical means of communication, and writing skills are listed that should be taught in the writing program. The goals for an effective creative…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a sequenced, highly-structured direct instruction program in language and reading skills on the intellectual growth, academic achievement, and school adjustment of 303 middle class kindergarten children. Children were assigned to one of four treatment groups: a "direct verbal"…

Experiments measured the effectiveness and efficiency of audio tape recordings using "time-compressed speech" compared to those using normal recording rates in an audio-tutorial system. The experimental tapes were compressed to 60 percent of the original rate of delivery. Results showed that the rate of speech made no difference in the students'…

Cultural factors should be taken into consideration in a bilingual education program. The cultural background of the students learning English as a second language should not be regarded as inferior. A realistic analysis of a student's language capability must be made so that his language-learning problems can be recognized and solved as much as…

A review of some assumptions made in the development and implementation of a bilingual-bicultural curriculum for Navajo students in the early primary grades is presented. The curriculum set out to develop and expand the students' abilities for learning, teaching them how to learn, so they could cope with change. It set out to sensitize them to the…