The purpose of this paper was to examine how behavioral characteristics (such as achievement level) of children may interact with gender to elicit differential treatment. Subjects were 31 men and 31 women who participated in two tutoring sessions with a fifth-grade pupil. Nine pupils, actually confederates of the experimenter, were trained to play…

The paper offers recommendations for an ethnic studies curriculum at the elementary school level which would be interdisciplinary in nature and integrate the basic skills of reading, writing, and critical thinking. In the social studies, for example, concepts of cultural diversity and universality can be presented in simple form in the early…

Three distinct theories can be set forth for viewing intelligence: a "super-intellect theory" associated with the belief in innate ideas; a sensualistic theory that posits no intellectual role beyond synthesizing of sense-data; and a concept of intelligence as a power to abstract, judge, and reason. Many chronic and current educational…

The two-phase study compared two methods of adapting self-instructional materials to individual differences among learners. The methods were compared with each other and with a control condition involving only minimal adaptation. The first adaptation procedure was based on subjects' performances on a learning task in Phase I of the study; the…

This study compared the perceptual field approach learning theory with conventional theories based on reinforcement and conditioning. The aim was to achieve significant improvement in the self-adjustment of slow learners while not inhibiting their learning of biology. The California Test of Personality and the Nelson Biology Test were given as…

This document was designed for use by professionals concerned with bilingual and multicultural education. It is divided into three sections. The first encompasses various aspects of teaching methodology and materials, history and background, and evaluation problems. Part 2 focuses on the Texas law governing bilingual/multicultural education…

The essays in this book represent the substance of the 40th annual Claremont Reading Conference, the theme of which was "Reading, Thought, and Language," Among the nineteen essays included are "Cognitive Development and Reading" by David Elkind; "Behavioral Objectives and Teaching Instruction" by Herbert Simons; "Toward Personal Growth through…

Teaching within the context of individuality, desire, and emotion means that teachers must have an understanding of various cultures, the languages children speak, and the strengths the children possess. This second edition of the text "Teaching Culturally Disadvantaged in the Elementary School" is more inclusive of minority groups, moves into the…

The objectives of this study were to determine the effect post-adjunct questions exert on: learning from oral and written instruction, learning by high and low ability readers, and learning material which requires different levels of intellectual processing. No significant main effects occurred between question and no-question groups. Post-adjunct…

Compositions written by 66 second grade boys and girls in one control and two experimental groups were analyzed to study the effect of 21 instructional sessions in sentence expansion and to determine which of the instructional methods employed was most beneficial to a particular sex group. Lesson plans for the control group were parallel to two…

This text seeks to sensitize teachers and administrators to the language problems faced by culturally different children, to sharpen and broaden their perspectives regarding the relationship between language and culture, and to help them devise effective strategies for teaching language skills. The text is divided into three major sections. Part…

This document is an English-language abstract (approximately 1,500 words) of a study of the stimulus variable of "frame size" and a group of variables reflecting student ability and sex. Individual differences were studied by varying ability, as measured by school grades and a battery of seven "factor tests" of intelligence and…

In planning media systems for individualized study it is valuable to know if printed materials are as effective as projected materials in promoting student recall. An experiment to compare printed and projected materials utilized subjects from graduate school, the tenth, and the twelfth grade. Subjects were tested on images in either printed or…

The author proposes methods and content for science instruction in the middle years and comments on teacher qualifications and pupil differences which need consideration. (SJL)