First grade students practiced reading ten unfamiliar function words; half studied the words embedded in printed sentences and half studied the words in unstructured lists and then listened to sentences comprised of the words. Posttest measures revealed that those who studied the sentences learned more about the syntactic/semantic identities of…

THERE ARE MANY DIFFERENT METHODS OF TEACHING AND MANY DIFFERENT METHODS OF LEARNING. FOR MAXIMUM LEARNING, TEACHING STYLES AND LEARNING STYLES SHOULD BE CONGRUENT, THIS IS ESPECIALLY TRUE WITH THE DISADVANTAGED LEARNER. THE DISADVANTAGED CHILD COMES TO SCHOOL WITH A CERTAIN PERSONALITY, WITH CERTAIN NEEDS, AND WITH CERTAIN BUILT-IN MECHANISMS. HE…

The basic tenet of Programed Instruction (PI), that learning occurs best when knowledge is imparted in small increments, appears to apply to associative rather than deductive process. One may best learn definitions via association, and best learn inference via unified understandings. This hypothesis was tested by structuring two modes of…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relative effects of different modes of supervisory feedback on the development of beginning teacher candidates' refocusing behaviors. Thirty-nine secondary teacher candidates served as subjects. They were enrolled in two sections of the course taught by the same instructor and were assigned randomly…

This is the first in a series of books that will deal with different aspects of teaching and learning in higher education, such as students' learning and individual differences, teaching methods, and new teaching techniques. Four papers examine general objectives in higher education and relate them to techniques of evaluation and teaching methods.…

This monograph surveys mostly British research on teaching in higher education. Most of the works cited appeared in the '60s. No British studies have been made to assess the effects of whole courses. Assessment is usually based on staff-student conferences or questionnaires. Some studies have been done on the objectives of college teaching.…

This study analyzed the relationship between the kinds of questions asked during a microteaching session and the achievement of students subsequently taught under classroom-like conditions. Teachers taught the same topics in microteaching; each taught a 2-week course 6 weeks later. Each question asked was classified in one of eight categories. The…

In a review of over 25 empirical investigations of effects of communicating behavioral objectives to students, several trends were apparent. Advance knowledge of behavioral objectives led to improved posttest performance in five of ten studies and to improved retention in two of three instances. Only two of seven studies found an interaction…

The study concerned (1) identifying component processes of discovery and rule learning; (2) describing differences in learning outcomes produced by the two instructional methods, and; (3) optimizing learning. It was believed that understanding the effects of aptitude, instructional methods, and their interaction is important in the study of…

To increase the student's learning experience, it is necessary that the learning process should involve more than the usual learning by doing approach. Instead, students should be able to participate in a broader manner by experiencing the planning, building, and completion of an activity. (EC)

This symposium examined the status of teaching strategies and ancillary activities that are based upon a perception of the problems that interfere with or prevent the learning of chemistry. (Author/BB)

By consciously examining a structured fantasy, one learns through visual imagination from the process, and the information from the fantasy becomes readily accessible. This concept can be applied to changing negative self-images as well as to acquiring information. The article provides methods and guidelines for its classroom application. (LPG)

Individualized learning is the only way to organize mathematics work, says the head of department at Christopher Wren School in London. (Editor)

A review of recent studies indicates that gifted learners spontaneously produce more effective learning strategies than comparison groups and benefit from the use of more complex, externally provided strategies. Implications include the use of slower presentation rates for new information, spatial organization of prose content, and…

This article focuses on the language foundation for education. A brief overview of various linguistic theories as they relate to education are offered. The contrast between the functional, natural, self-generated, and contextually relevant characteristics of talk and writing are explored. (DF)