Error analysis performed on data sets revealed that seventh grade students used a variety of rules of operation for solving the signed-number arithmetic problems. The data sets were obtained from an experimental study in which students were randomly assigned to study either of two lessons written on a computer based education system. The two…

Arguing that the arts can contribute to the understanding of relationships basic to reading comprehension by providing opportunities for students to deal with abstractions and to form perceptual images related to those abstractions, this paper also contends that the arts can provide a means for transfer of basic concepts by taking seemingly…

Thirty-three second graders participated in a study to discover the value of teaching concepts using picture attribute chunking (PAC). It was hypothesized that PAC would yield superior concept learning performances compared to a picture attribute list (PAL) treatment and a word-alone treatment. The children, selected on the basis of a pretest that…

Chaim Perelman, in "The New Rhetoric," discusses a paradigm for understanding how study of composition can be altered by knowledge of thought processes gained by cognitive psychologists and psycholinguists. He describes this rhetoric as "rhetorical rationalism" that recognizes a multiplicity of ways of being reasonable and…

The knowledge and mental processes called on in mathematics can be used to improve composition. Three desirable requirements of an analogy to be used in teaching writing are that it should bridge the art of writing and science, should be readily accessible to the mind of the average student, and should allow the student to employ an architectural…

Creative dramatics or child-oriented dramatic play is a basic educative process that draws upon the learning strategies developed in children's play and relates them to classroom learning tasks. As a structured play process that encourages children to explore the world in ways familiar to them, creative dramatics relates new experiences to old…

Three questions are addressed in this study: (1) what is the effect of additional, unexplained content on achievement and perception? (2) is the effect altered by time? and, (3) what is the relation between student achievement and student perception? It was determined that the effect on achievement was not significant but the effect on perception…

Discussed are the nature of the development of conceptual relationships, and the structure of concepts. The topics are presented with regard to the importance of combining metaphors with two alternate approaches to learning, the first being rote learning and the other being inductive learning. The paper is intended to be a model of the concept of…

A theory of teaching creative writing that involves preconscious learning is presented in this paper. Following a review of the literature on methods of developing writing ability, the paper describes a three-step creative process of preparation (the gathering and study of appropriate materials), incubation (the preconscious absorption and shaping…

The impulsivity-reflexivity dimension of cognitive style is a variable that significantly affects a learning/teaching situation. Previous investigations have suggested, for example, that learners with an impulsive cognitive style are at a disadvantage in problem-solving situations. This review focuses on investigations into four specific…

This volume contains a series of papers on algorithmic learning. Included are six reviews of research pertaining to various aspects of algorithmic learning, six reports of pilot experiments in this area, a theoretical discussion of "The Conditions for Algorithmic Imagination," and an annotated bibliography. All the papers assume a common…

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between field articulation and reading achievement at the end of grade one, and to investigate the effect on the pupil's reading achievement of the field articulation of the classroom teacher. The sample of pupils was drawn from eight first grade classrooms of female teachers. The…

This review covers research literature concerning the inquiry method reported by "Social Education" from 1960 to 1968. Studies were selected which dealt with either the learning outcomes or adaptability aspects of inquiry. It is cautiously concluded that under certain conditions inquiry is at least as effective as more traditional…

Specific instruction refers to the teacher's knowing (a) what to teach and when, (b) what not to teach and why, and (c) when to let the preoperational child be "wrong." This paper is in agreement with Bereiter's criticism of Kohlberg's conclusion against specific instruction but suggests that Bereiter's argument should be developed into…

The relationship of training in and performance on open-ended vs. closed-ended math lab activities to the divergent thinking ability of 82 preservice elementary teachers was investigated. On the basis of scores on the Torrance Test of Creative Thinking, the subjects were divided into three groups of divergent thinking ability. One-half of each…