This study was undertaken to explore the use of a digital camera for mental imagery training of a vocational task with two young adult men with Down syndrome. The results indicate that these particular men benefited from the use of a collaborative training process that involved mental imagery for learning a series of photocopying operations. An…

Taking a how-to approach and a British perspective, with numerous lists and examples, this book presents the concept of learning contracts negotiated agreements between learners and instructors to achieve a specific learning goal for university and continuing education teachers. The book is organized in four parts: Part 1 is an introduction; it…

The paper describes a data-based vocational curriculum for multiple handicapped adolescents and young adults with cerebral palsy. Three care studies illustrate the different types of curricula that may lead to employment in the areas of micrographics filming, computer skill, and clerical work. The approach incorporates a task analysis orientation…

An approach to writing in a college-level English as a second language (ESL) course is based on recent emphasis in research on the processes involved and strategies used in the various areas of human endeavor. Recent research in writing has indicated that effective and unfrustrated writers carry out the writing task in ways that are very different…

Process writing and communicative-task-based instruction both assume productive tasks that prompt self-expression to motivate students and as the principal engine for developing L2 proficiency in the language classroom. Besides this, process writing and communicative-task-based instruction have much else in common, despite some obvious…

Research is reviewed on high success (low error rate) during instructional tasks in relationship to learning outcomes; alternative interpretations of the relationship are considered; and alternative strategies for controlling success during remedial reading instructional tasks are discussed. A simple procedure is described for the analysis of…

The roles of (1) the sequence of instruction and (2) cognitive ability variables were investigated using a computer-assisted instruction (CAI) course on an imaginary science of "Xenograde systems." A rationale for an information processing task analysis was developed to overcome the deficiencies of other analytic methods. The new method was found…

A summary of the information acquired during a 1968-69 study by the Southwest Regional Laboratory to determine requirements for the installation of the First-Year Communication Skills Program, an objective-based kindergarten reading program, is presented. The 32-week program was organized into 10 equal units of instruction, whose general…

The purpose of this paper is to improve knowledge of the interaction between the learner, the teaching arrangement, and the content. For practical purposes the combination of the teaching arrangement and the content has been called the task, as these cannot successfully be treated separately in the teaching-learning process. Through analysis of…

This methodology for teaching basic meal preparation skills to students with mental retardation uses convenience foods and involves learning meal preparation reading vocabulary and common procedures. Instructional techniques include sight word development, use of rebus symbols, and graduated prompts (verbal, modeling, or physical guidance). A list…

Based on recent studies, computer-mediated communication (CMC) has been considered a tool to aid in language learning on account of its distinctive interactional features. However, most studies have referred to "synchronous" CMC and neglected to investigate how "asynchronous" CMC contributes to language learning. Asynchronous CMC possesses…

Described is a structured, team-teaching, developmental approach for use with multiply handicapped children between the ages of 3 and 7. The program is explained to be child-centered, to involve individualized work and small group lessons, and to use the unit approach. Task analysis and developmental sequencing of skills are performed for each of…

Eight basic components of instructional programs for severely handicapped students are discussed. Components are seen to involve determination of content, rationale, method, materials, measurement and student performance. Emphasized is the need for a task analysis orientation to determine content and for developmentally sound longitudinal…

The author discusses the need for severely handicapped students to acquire basic home living skills, reviews task analysis principles, and provides sample instructional programs. Listed are basic grooming, dressing, domestic maintenance, and cooking skills. A sample task analysis procedure is demonstrated for the skill of brushing teeth. Reported…

Presented are 11 technical papers, position statements and instructional programs on the severely handicapped. Included are the following titles: "A Public School Program for Severely and Profoundly Handicapped Students: Zero Exclusion,""Components of Instructional Programs for Severely Handicapped Students,""Procedures of…