This paper proposed a method for developing capacity for lifelong learning in open spaces, defined here as places without predefined learning structures or objectives, through the cultivation of aesthetic literacy. This discussion will be situated within fieldwork performed by the authors in Helsinki, Finland, and Tallinn, Estonia, in 2013. Based…

The adult educational methods eliminate teaching but draw upon and mobilize knowledge and understanding already existing in individuals, making it generally available: (1) a type of brainstorming which avoids one-track discussion and one-member domination, and (2) a structured, task-based, personal encounter utilizing resource packets. (Author/AJ)

Sociological implications suggested by the growing national trend of individualized foreign language instruction in American schools are explored in the introductory remarks of this final report of a workshop held at West Chester State College, Pennsylvania. The rationale, structure, and daily schedule of the workshop, and a paper by Valerie M.…