Traditionally, second language (L2) instruction has emphasised auditory-based instruction methods. However, this approach is restrictive in the sense that speech perception by humans is not just an auditory phenomenon but a multimodal one, and specifically, a visual one as well. In the past decade, experimental studies have shown that the…

Multiple external representations (MERs) are central to the practice and learning of science, mathematics and engineering, as the phenomena and entities investigated and controlled in these domains are often not available for perception and action. MERs therefore play a twofold constitutive role in reasoning in these domains. Firstly, MERs stand…

The purpose of this applied research study was to determine from faculty what they believe are best practices in online education and what they believe will improve online education. The study targeted two-year, public colleges in the State of Oklahoma with complete degrees offered online. The study obtained data regarding the current quality of…

The effects of certain procedures as part of the curriculum in early childhood on the perceptual readiness of children exposed to it are explored. The procedures include: (1) the testing of each child to determine perceptual strengths and weaknesses; (2) the development of "learning print" for each child: a description of integrities and deficits…

This report contains the text of the opening address, the text of the principal paper, and abstracts of 18 background papers discussed at the Fourth International Seminar on Research in Music Education. The seminar dealt with the state of present research concerning music education for children up to age 5. The papers covered such topics as:…

In training people to perform auditory identification tasks (e.g., training students to identify sound characteristics in a sonar classification task), it is important to know whether or not training procedures are merely sustaining performance during training or whether they enhance learning of the task. Often an incorrect assumption is made that…

This article deals with brain research. It discusses how a growing understanding of the way the brain functions offers new insights into the minds of students at all stages of development. Brain-based research deals with classroom-relevant concerns, such as sensory perception, attention, memory, and how emotions affect learning. The goals for…

This article describes a project-oriented approach to teaching language awareness at the college freshman level. It is emphasized that it is important for students to realize that language is dynamic and that it changes because people change. The study of slang can make the student aware of the changeableness of a living language. Students were…

THE PURPOSE OF THIS NORTH CAROLINA STUDY WAS TO ASSESS THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SELECTED ASPECTS OF COUNTY EXTENSION AGENTS' BACKGROUND AND EXPERIENCE (MAINLY COLLEGE MAJORS AND PARTICIPATION IN COURSES ON EXTENSION METHODS) AND THEIR DEFINITION OF THE ROLE OF COOPERATIVE EXTENSION. RESPONDENTS WERE 334 AGENTS REPRESENTING 99 OF THE 100 COUNTIES…

This book focuses on two issues: the realization of individual potential and the replacement of narrow specialization in human service institutions by a more general capability. This focus takes into special consideration the position of the elderly. Many questions are raised by these two unresolved basic issues reflected throughout this volume.…

A discussion providing a background sketch of theories and research specifically about, or pertaining to, the subject of knowledge utilization in the public education system in the United States is presented. The problem is defined as the question of how and why existing information comes to be considered "useful" by practitioners and how it is…

An evaluative review of the Polyvalent Adult Education Centre in Bombay, India, is presented. Objectives of the evaluation include: (1) to assess the extent and type of planning undertaken by the Vidyapeeth in developing a polyvalent approach; and (2) to assess the extent of benefit obtained by the participants. Planning for a course of training…

The results of a critical survey of research on educational effectiveness, performed to assess the current state of knowledge regarding the determinants of educational outcomes, are reported. An input-output approach was used to analyze the relationship between the amounts of various resources provided to students and the educational outcomes.…