Online discussions tend to be more effective when they are purposefully structured. In this article, we describe how the design of a photo-based protocol influenced community interactions within an online discussion in an undergraduate course. Students were asked to take and share a photo related to a course concept, respond to a peer's photo, and…

The virtual interactive learning model using imagineering process as a tool to promote happy learning for digital age learners. The concept is based on the combination of virtual learning environment and metaverse in order to create learning experience via virtual community. The objectives of this research are (1) to study and synthesise the…

Teacher-student interaction (TSI) is the core element and important teaching method of smart classroom. Improving the quality of smart classroom teaching and developing higher-order thinking (HOT) among students requires strengthening research on the TSI structure in smart classroom. At present, the structure model of TSI in smart classroom mainly…

In an Introduction to Digital Practices course, university students were unable to apply their newfound software program knowledge to design intricate art projects. A digital guide called a Tool Lab was created so that students could be pre-introduced to the tools and functionality of targeted software programs. Designed with the concepts of…

In the post-pandemic era, lecturers in Higher Education (HE) are confronted with the challenge of motivational and attention deficits in their students. Hence, incentives to foster student engagement and motivation are subject to recent research. One such approach is game-based learning, involving specifically conceptualized games for HE, commonly…

Instructional design, development, and planning decisions are fundamental to effective online learning. However, interactions that occur within the online environment have been underestimated, despite their significance for the success of online learning. Moore (1989) suggested viewing the interactions among individuals and content in three…

With the Interactive-Constructive-Active-Passive (ICAP) framework as a foundation, author Robby Robinette presents two activities that teachers can use to incorporate collaboration into their online (and in-person) classes. The activities make use of students' prior knowledge. The author suggests sources where teachers can find reading texts that…

This study is intended to analyze the impact of online and offline mixed teaching methods for university students due to COVID-19. The study was conducted when the government relaxed the restrictions imposed during the COVID-19 period. So, the questionnaire was created using Google Forms and then 550 Questionnaires were distributed via email. On…

Humanising pedagogy has been a focus of recent research as more universities move to online and blended models of instruction. Online learning has been linked to feelings of isolation, disconnection, and depersonalisation of the learning experience for many students. In South Africa, the shift to online instruction took place in the context of the…

In a post-COVID world, online education is more important than ever. Understanding how to make digital learning environments more humanized for learners can lead to more engaged learners. This study explored the experiences of 56 online graduate students to understand what components of asynchronous, traditionally formatted online courses centered…

During the COVID-19 pandemic, there was an increase in the use of online courses, which required improvements in their effectiveness. To address this, the online flipped model was suggested as a solution, and this study aimed to assess the efficacy of using interactive instructional videos within an online flipped course design. The study employed…

Previous studies have proposed that students' mathematical understanding develops dynamically through the process known as folding back, in which learners revisit earlier forms of understanding and use them to build even deeper levels of mathematical understanding. Digital learning environments, where students can manipulate representations, are…

This study analysed the instructors' teaching presence of three courses conducted by an instructor to explore the effects of the instructors' online teaching presence on students' interactions and collaborative knowledge constructions. Content analysis, social network analysis, and lag sequential analysis were used to explore the mechanism of…

This study was a phenomenological exploration of five undergraduate students' experiences with clear and unclear instructors in online courses at a large southeastern research university. The specific aim was to privilege the voices of undergraduate students about their experiences communicating with their online instructors, particularly with…

While effective interaction is the most important element of any learning environment, its importance in e-learning has been often ignored. As a result, many e-learning environments suffer from lack of impactful interactions, leading to diminished student engagement. This study aims to address this gap by investigating methods to optimise…