This article outlines some cognitive process models of writing composition. Possible reasons why students' writing capabilities do not match their abilities in some other school subjects are explored. Research findings on the efficacy of process approaches to teaching writing are presented and potential shortcomings are discussed. Product-based…

The effectiveness of writing instruction and process writing are discussed. The process writing approach has a significant impact on the U.S. education and hence, the principles of process writing provide guidance to teachers on potentially effective instructional practices.

Offers a brief overview of the evolution of writing center theory and practice (discussing process-oriented pedagogy as well as the shift to social constructionism) over three decades. Stresses the continuing presence of the principles of formative assessment. (SR)