Over the last two decades, the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages (CEFR) has become ubiquitous in ELT. In this article, I consider how differences in the way in which the framework is being interpreted by different powerful actors, including governments and for-profit organizations, affect its usability for ELT practitioners, a…

This paper reports the use of critical incidents in three rounds of purpose-designed training events for 87 staff in three Chinese universities. To develop intercultural communicative competence (ICC), we present a possible framework of six intercultural approaches, combinations of which yield relevant principles as a rationale for ways of…

Situated within the context of EFL learning, which aims to foster the development of Intercultural Communicative Competence (ICC) among language learners, this research constitutes a segment of a doctoral dissertation exploring the advantages of utilizing the Autobiography of Intercultural Encounters through the Visual Media (AIEVM) to assess the…

As the objective of language teaching is shifting from producing so-called "native-like" speakers to fostering speakers competent in intercultural communication, it has become necessary to identify the kinds of learning resources that may be related to the learner's development of intercultural communicative competence (ICC) in today's…

This paper reports on the findings from a survey of the methods used by Biblical Hebrew teachers in UK universities, particularly the degree to which they incorporate some techniques characteristic of Communicative Language Teaching alongside traditional grammar-translation techniques to form best practice approaches. All teachers participating in…

This study examined the implementation of an alternative assessment in a course, Communicative English Skills Course (CESC), at three Ethiopian universities. The study mainly focused on multi-assessor strategies, multiple assessment tools, and comprehensive, progressive, continuous, and relevant assessment used by instructors at these three…

With a communicative approach to language testing, performance assessment has taken on a prominent role in testing systems around the world. Specifically, Task-Based Assessment (TBA) is now being used to make inferences about people's language ability and what they can do with this construct under realistic communicative scenarios. This reflection…

This study compares learner perceptions in a synchronous online versus face-to-face (F2F) learning context about four principles of communicative language teaching (CLT): promoting collaborative learning, using comprehensible input, considering affective factors, and providing corrective feedback. Data were obtained via online surveys from…

This research investigates impediments to the successful implementation of Communicative Language Teaching (CLT) in Saudi English as a Foreign Language (EFL) classrooms. Going beyond typical discussions on teacher training and curriculum development, the study explores entrenched resistance stemming from traditional teaching methods among teachers…

This state-of-the-art paper reviews studies employing role-playing as an instructional technique in English as a Foreign Language and English as a Second Language contexts. Through a systematic review of 32 peer-reviewed studies published between 2000-2023, the paper highlights the potential of role-playing to facilitate experiential learning and…

The training curriculum based on the Language Teaching for Communication Approach, organizing the learning process to emphasize language acquisition through actual communication. It prioritized student-centered activities, providing opportunities to practice language and communicate meaning in various situations. The objectives of this research…

Teaching speaking skills to EFL learners remains a significant challenge, often hindered by traditional methods that prioritize rote learning over meaningful communication. This study investigates the impact of communicative language teaching (CLT) on the speaking skills of Grade 12 students, while also exploring their attitudes toward this…

In Canada, the federally funded Language Instruction for Newcomers to Canada (LINC) program follows a task-based language teaching (TBLT) approach using the Canadian Language Benchmarks (CLB). Aligned with other communicative language approaches, TBLT de-emphasizes systematic instruction of the morpho-syntactic elements of language. Although TBLT…

In the context of globalisation, classrooms have become meeting places for learners from an increasing variety of backgrounds. Intercultural education, anchored in many national curricula, is considered a key approach to doing justice to this growing plurality among students. In relation to fostering learners' intercultural (communicative)…

Despite the recognised importance of communicative competence in language acquisition, many English as a Foreign Language (EFL) learners persistently grapple with affective barriers such as speaking anxiety, shyness, and demotivation, alongside underdeveloped social-emotional competence (SEC), challenges that traditional speaking instruction…