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Heisler, Lori; Goffman, Lisa – Language Learning and Development, 2016
A word learning paradigm was used to teach children novel words that varied in phonotactic probability and neighborhood density. The effects of frequency and density on speech production were examined when phonetic forms were nonreferential (i.e., when no referent was attached) and when phonetic forms were referential (i.e., when a referent was…
Descriptors: Vocabulary Development, Phonology, Cognitive Mapping, Accuracy
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Grosse, Katja; Call, Josep; Carpenter, Malinda; Tomasello, Michael – Language Learning and Development, 2015
In all human cultures, people gesture iconically. However, the evolutionary basis of iconic gestures is unknown. In this study, chimpanzees and bonobos, and 2- and 3-year-old children, learned how to operate two apparatuses to get rewards. Then, at test, only a human adult had access to the apparatuses, and participants could instruct her about…
Descriptors: Animals, Animal Behavior, Child Behavior, Nonverbal Communication