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Direct linkBray, Mark – ECNU Review of Education, 2021
Purpose: Private supplementary tutoring, widely known as shadow education, has long been visible in East Asia, and now has spread to other parts of the world including Europe. This article maps the phenomenon, showing variations within Europe and analyzing its growth, underlying forces, and policy implications. Design/Approach/Methods: The article…
Descriptors: Foreign Countries, Geographic Regions, Tutoring, Private Education
