While university students in developing countries welcome digital learning tools, they frequently lack Information and Communication Technology (ICT) skills which enable them to successfully carry out activities linked to information and communication technologies. This, in turn, means that they struggle to meet practical academic and professional…

Interlanguage fossilization is a crucial dilemma that foreign language learners may fall in. The problem of the present study is shown clearly in the answers of Iraqi students of Master of Arts in the College of Education for Women University of Baghdad. In spite of all the previous years of studying English language, some still have the problem…

This paper explores the perceptions of Iraqi students of three different English Programs (a general English for academic purposes program, a pre-enrolment English program and the English component of a disciplinary bridging program) at an Australian University as reflected in their language learning narratives. It focuses specifically on the…

In this paper we offer a model that seeks to develop an entrepreneurial ecosystem as a portfolio approach to economic development through ongoing partnerships vs. one-off initiatives that may serve as a prototype for economic development in transitional economies. The model, developed by Tupperware Brands, Rollins College, and the U.S. Department…