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Direct linkKlette, Kirsti; Blikstad-Balas, Marte – European Educational Research Journal, 2018
The aim of this paper is to discuss the role of coding and observation manuals in classroom studies. While observation manuals have been a part of the methodological toolkit for measuring various aspects of instruction for decades, the field has also been suffering from "paradigm wars," fragmentation and local production of instruments.…
Descriptors: Classroom Observation Techniques, Guides, Coding, Research Methodology
