Describes the elaboration model of instruction and the six major steps for implementing it. (JEG)

Describes, justifies, and illustrates a process for analyzing and comparing instructional development (ID) models at the task and subtask levels. ID tasks and subtasks are identified, weights are assigned to the subtasks, and various instructional design and instructional development models are compared, as to both comprehensiveness and…

Considers the processes associated with holistic needs assessment and other front end activities such as needs analysis, front-end analysis, and task analysis. The Organizational Elements Model (OEM) is described to clarify how processes relate to levels of organizational planning, and the optimal contexts for use of each process are suggested.…

Examines the use of contracting in an instructional development setting at the university level. A sample contract is included and 12 references are listed. (LLS)

Critiques Aptitude-Treatment Interactions (ATI) as a major theoretical foundation for individualized instruction and argues that Content-Treatment Analysis (CTI), which assumes that no one learning treatment is appropriate for all subject content, is more appropriate. It is concluded that CTI should be given a greater role in instructional…

This "final" list of 16 core competencies for instructional/training development professionals was developed over a three-year period by a special task force appointed by the Board of Directors of the Division of Instructional Development within the Association for Educational Communications and Technology. (Author)

Describes knowledge mapping, a tool developed to increase the objectivity and accuracy of task difficulty ratings for job design. Application in a semiconductor manufacturing environment is discussed, including identifying prerequisite knowledge for a given task; establishing training development priorities; defining knowledge levels; identifying…

Describes and compares three approaches to task analysis--behaviorally-based, concept-based, and cognitive process-based--and provides four tentative recommendations for determining which approach is appropriate in a particular situation. Five flowcharts and fourteen references are included. (MBR)

Representative examples of task analysis procedures were examined for common components, methods, and terminology. Resulting generic components were categorized into the task analysis phases of task description and instructional analysis. The generalized model that is presented contains a consensus of procedures comprising educational and…

Presents a process definition of task analysis and discusses how various techniques of analysis--breaking the task into its constituent elements, determining the relationship between these elements, and restructuring for performance and instruction--relate to this perspective. Two decision tables, a master design chart, and 28 references are…

Describes a three-phased needs assessment approach used to identify lending skills and knowledge for loan officers at Wells Fargo Bank. Beginning at the corporate level and ending with job-relevant assessment of individual employee skills, the program used diagnostic tests with a computer-based system for scoring and reporting results…

Discusses rationale for distinguishing between task analysis and instructional analysis, contributions they make to instructional design, and why they are dependent on each other. Major functions in the instructional analysis process are described, examples are provided, and benefits of using this approach to achieve effective and efficient…

Discusses two ways in which task analysis can be integrated with instructional design--substantive integration, where the type of task analysis is determined by design type, and temporal integration, where analysis activities are interspersed with design activities. Flowcharts, examples of and procedures for instructional analysis, and references…

Describes functions comprising task analysis process--inventory, description, selection, sequencing, and analysis--and reviews distinctions between the micro/macro level, top-down/bottom-up, and job/learning task analysis processes. These functions and distinctions are combined into a quasi-algorithm suggesting which of 30 task analysis procedures…

Reviews problems involved in analyzing data on educational or training needs and details use of the proportionate reduction in error (PRE) approach (Hildebrand, et al., 1977), which predicts the probability that certain combinations of a joint distribution will occur, then tests to see how closely the prediction matches the observation. (MBR)