Science and computational practices such as modeling and abstraction are critical to understanding the complex systems that are integral to climate science. Given the demonstrated affordances of game design in supporting such practices, we implemented a free 4-day intensive workshop for middle school girls that focused on using the visual…

Forces which have influenced the shifting of moral foundations and their potential influence on the field of education are explained in this paper. Two categories of systems--soft and hard--are reviewed. A system 'hardens' when the emphasis on the application of a technique becomes more important than serving the purposes for which the technique…

Discusses the use of simulations to study complex real-life systems in engineering. Describes some of the limitations of using simulations. Identifies some situations in which computer simulations are practical and useful tools for the design, analysis, and evaluation of systems. (TW)